Unit 4 PP Mini Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Unit 4 PP Mini - Coursework ExampleAccidents during the erection of the tent, destruction of property during the party, combat and other violent acts, breaking of bottles and glasses, and cuts resulting from the acts are some of the risks identified.Accidents during the preparation of the tent, cuts, and an arising medical condition require an announce risk management strategy. While caution and guidance is required, the occurrence of such issues demands immediate first aid. As such, first aid kits and an efficient first aid individual or staff is essential for the sculptural relief of the possible detrimental effects that can arise. The team need to be alert and available throughout the process. Therefore, it should be a member of the planning team (Royer, 2013).In addition, violent acts and unruly behaviour, destruction of property, breaking of glasses and other acts are risks that need prioritization. These acts would most likely result from young adults enchanted by the prohi bited. Such acts can be curbed by availing a security personnel during the event.The security personnel bequeath be well equipped to ascertain minimal disruptive, with demonstration of no serious effects. For instance, while it may be impossible to prevent unexpected behaviour, the personnel allow for ensure that such actions will not get out of hand to cause harm or destruction (Royer, 2013).The prioritization of the risks will lead to certainty in the implementation of the risk management plan. However, proper financing is critical to the success. As such, there will be need to ensure that the $500 budget will meet all the specifics of the party and carrel efficiently for the risk management

Reflective Blog Entry #1 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Reflective Blog portal 1 - Essay ExampleHaving communicating goals will help me concentrate on what I wish to say and how I want to say it because I know what I want to attain in the end. In addition, as a professional, I must also be factual, practical, and concise when I run myself because this is how a true professional communicates with others. I should not waste the time of my audience or dim by telling them irrelevant or vague info.As for the audience, the video asserts that they are important to the colloquy process, especially when using the audience-centered approach. The audience is critical to successful personal and business conference because they are stakeholders and they are the target end receivers of the message. The video emphasizes that speaker systems/writers should focus on understanding and meeting the needs of the audience, by providing information that they need, by listening to their concerns, and by maintaining positive working relationships, if pre sent. The video highlights that there is no effective communication at all if readers do not understand the message, at the minimum. Furthermore, if the speakers main communication goal is to persuade the audience, then it becomes more essential to know who the audiences are, such as their goals, motives, and conditions, so that the speaker can connect more meaningfully to the

Identify and discuss the various exit strategies that investors may Essay

Identify and discuss the various exit strategies that investors may use and the implications for commercialisation - Essay ExampleIn most of the events, these kinds of investors would look for an investment opportunity for shorter terms like 3-7 years. The ideal investors be also another category who would want a high harvest-time from their investments still they world power stick to their investments for longer periods of time. However, both of these categories would look for exit strategies that they may cave in in front of them. sign Public Offering A attach to earth-closet go to the public to raise funds when it is large-scale enough to guarantee its credibility and the people would be interested to pervert the shares of the keep keep order through registered production line exchanges. This would enable the investors transmit their money back almost instantaneously as soon as the company collects the money. Most of the investors believe that the startups where they are investing in would have the capacity to go to public at heart 5 years of their inception. But this may not always be feasible because a company needs time to grow and sustain. Thus the venture capitalists have to look for more practicable strategies. accomplishment The company can sell itself outright to a bigger company or individual who would have complete ownership and hence the venture capitalist would be able to get their investment back. The investor would also be able to negotiate the management contract in that case. However there is a orifice that the investor would lose his identity in the company. Management Buy Out In case of a buy out any one or two persons of the management may buy out the wager of the company completely. In this case the persons who want to sell out the shares of the company would get his investment and return back and the other members would retain the shares of the company (Roberts, 39). The company has an advantage in a way that it can retain a part of the present set of management. Mergers The start-up can join hands with an existing company and can operate under a single name. In such a situation the investor would get some amount of cash and also little amount of stake in the new company. However, the company would no longer be within the control as before. Sale of the Company In case the company is sold to some other entity completely the entire management will change but the investor would get full refund of his money and return at the moment of the purchase. Above mentioned ways are some of the options opened for an investor to exit after few years of initial investment in a company, though the final motives of the investor will drive him to the way that would be most appropriate for him. Implications for Commercialization The commercialization of a new product or idea needs the support of the investors both financially as well as in terms of managerial support. Venture capitalists have an active role in th is regard. The commercialization requires a lot of investment in resources, marketing the initial launch, advertisement and the brand building. It exerts a greater amount of pressure on the investors as they would have to spend a lot on an investment that may not guarantee them sufficient return (Sahlman, 496). Thus it is important for the venture capitalists to adjure the alternatives and should look for ample scope for exit strategies that would allow them with the flexibility to move out of their

M1A2- Leadership and Ethics Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

M1A2- Leadership and Ethics - Assignment ExampleThe rumors were about the managing Director defalcate the companys resources. To add on that, the aspect of mismanagement, where employees were not included in planning and the yield of ethnicity and racism was so much in formula. This caused a lot of unrest among the ply that the managing director went into hiding. The short letter was so bad, that even the geological formational output decreased tremendously. The breech in ethical principles and etiquette cost the organization a great deal, as they had to come up with strategies on guidance and focussing for all the staff members to reach and address the root cause of the problem. Hence, the inter relationship between determine, deterrent examples and work moral philosophy was established in a bid to solve the crises. According to Duska (1998), values refer to the definition of the upright and bad in society. Moral values atomic number 18 those attributes that are upheld and valued in the society. Typical values include honesty, integrity, compassion, courage, honor, responsibility, patriotism, respect and fairness. By that definition, one could categorize the values listed above (honesty, integrity, compassion ) as moral values - values derived from a higher authority. When one acts in ways, which are consistent with our beliefs (whether secular or derived from a moral authority), we will characterize that as acting ethically. Hence, for one to be ethical, they need to posses morality and moral values. According to Naagarazan (2006) the strategies to address the ethical crises apply in real life, whereby one attends therapy sessions and guidance and counseling in case, they face conflicts at home and the work abode. These tactics instill self-confidence in the individual, in that they are able to address and face their problems. This strategy is therefore effective in both the work place and real life situations. Reference List Duska, R. F. (1998) . Education, leadership and business ethics Essays on the work of Clarence Walton. Kluwer faculty member Publishers Dordrecht Naagarazan, R. S. (2006). Textbook on professional ethics and human values. New Age International (P) Ltd., Publishers New Delhi. A true leader should be able to address the circumstantial organizational requirements while rendering his or her duties of ethical leadership. Discuss how you think virtues of character and leadership skills are acquired or developed within specific organizational contexts. For any given organizational framework, analyze parameters that will help you identify principles of best practice for leadership development. Identify and analyze attributes and competencies of effective leadership that can help implement these principles of best practice. Sucher (2008) wrote that, round of the leadership traits like humility, aggressiveness, and patience are innate, in that one is born a leader. They are nurtured in the day-to-day handling of the state in the organization. On the other hand, there are those traits that are acquired by practicing leadership for example, conflict resolution and team building. There are also those traits in leadership that are acquired through training, for example, listening and empathy skills from guidance and counsel ling classes, conflict resolution and team building from the managing people courses that people attend. Peterson & Sondergaard (2008) asserted that an organization that experiences effective ethical leadership, experiences high output. The staff on the other

The Benefits of Understanding Financial Ratios Essay

The Benefits of Understanding Financial Ratios - Essay Example at heart the questions that were considered were the detail dimensions CFAs use to measure liquidity, long-term debt paying ability, and probability and what are the relative importance of specific monetary ratios. While there were sixty-ratios considered, a number of prominent points emerged. In these regards, its noted that a single ratio oftentimes functions to measure more than one aspect of financial health. One shell is that a ratio of days sales measures both liquidity and profitability. In terms of the most most-valuable financial ratio, analysts placed the most emphasis on return on equity after tax. b) condition of dissertation main point The main point thesis of the article is that financial analysis places not bad(p) emphasis on the corporate annual report and the financial ratios that examine it. A further thesis is that financial ratios have a varying degree of importance in terms of a diverseness of financial categories, specific totallyy liquidity, long-term debt paying ability, and profitability. c) Supporting opinions/reasons There is a great body of explore that supports the notion that financial ratios are an integral part of determining a firms financial performance. ... al to measuring a business financial performance and future viability in supplyition they add the DuPont Ratio as a meaning(a) financial ratio for analysis. Financial ratios have also been extend to examine the financial strength of a firm when enlisting an underwriter before an IPO this view was noted by Quantitative Applications in Economics & Finance (2008). Another prominent perspective was right by Kaufman (1995). Kaufman (1995) considered that bank failures are oftentimes linked and anticipated by the key financial ratio of low capital-to-assets. d) Opposing opinions/reasons While there are a number of strong elements supporting these understandings of financial rations, there are also a nu mber of opposing perspectives. One perspective, as proposed by Ming-Yuan, Meng-Feng, et all (2007), argues that instead of financial ratios, behavioural determinants of firms oversees financing policies function as the primary analytic criteria. This study examined behavioural factors of, (1) persistence behavior effectuate, (2) mental account effects, (3) the year of the company, (4) attraction effect, (5) character qualifications of managers and (6) overseas investment effects (Ming-Yuan, Meng-Feng, et all 2007, pg. 183) in attempting to determine financial strength. The study revealed that there were statistically significant correlations between behavioral aspects and firms oversees financing decisions. Even more notable, financial ratios were not influential in these decisions. Another prominent attachment was that advanced by Pantos (2008). Pantos (2008) argues that previous arguments, specifically those of Emm and Gay (2005), that high concentration ratios can demonstrate s ignificant risk implications in over-the-counter derivatives markets are

English 2 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

English 2 - Essay ExampleA arouse crime varies by legal jurisdiction and culture meaning different acts concerning wind up could be categorized as sex crimes depending on where someone commits them (Howard, 12). E truly society has the right to be defend from sex wrongdoers, especially for the families with children. Sex offenders who molest children leave them with permanent emotional damage, images that could never be interpreted from the kids head (OBrian, 6). Living among such people can be quite challenging for communities and for such reasons the legal philosophy requires that sex offenders be tracked after leaving jail. This law provides that everyone charged as a sex offender is permanently entered into a sex offender registry of that particular state. This makes these offenders chances of having a normal liveliness impossible, even after serving their time (Petteruti & Walsh, 14). However, most teen offenders usually commit these crimes when they are very vernal some from around 13 years of age, and at such a tender lay down they receive lifetime labels as sex offender. Such are robbed of a normal life that they could withdraw led and given a life that was not meant to be theirs this is quite unfair (Weill,22). Where one resides should be their business only, unfortunately, this is not a privilege that sex offenders get at to have. This is information that everyone can access at any sex offender registry. ... People stalk them, branding them as criminals who are out to get their kids. Five years ago, Juan Marcelo did something stupid, something he that haunts him up date. He groped a 15-year-old girl, a friends daughter. The 20-something atomic number 20n was put behind bars for thirteen months, given a five year probation and required by the law to post a large sign on his front yard that reads Beware, a registered sex offender resides here. Marcelo (not his real name) claims he has gotten used to random people driving past his star sign s houting rude insults. He has also grown used to the neighborhood kids stealing this sign and localisation it on other neighbors lawns as a joke. However, what truly bugs him, he says, is the permanent inclusion in the Californias sex offender registry, where anybody in the whole world can be able to download his name, the charges he was convicted for, his home address and even his mug shot. Instead of getting a new incite after serving his term in jail, which is his right since he paid for his crimes, the online registry has began haunting him. lately one of his co- runers at the construction company which he works for came up to him, asking him about his cryptical after he had seen his name on the site. He was shocked, embarrassed and even thought of quitting his job, as he later narrated. Now every time he sees two people talking at work he wonders if theyre talking about him. He says hes only waiting to see what happens when his supervisory program finds out (McNamara, 26). Po sts that must be put in every household with a sex offender Having a social life is a very important part of modern day modus operandi it also affects hugely ones health. However, most young people that committed such offenses while very young are forces to give up

Surface analysis Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Surface analysis - Assignment ExampleThese ions on collision dislodge atoms from the surface creating inessential ions. Using a combination of electrostatic and magnetic fields which distinguishes the ions on the mass to charge ratio, these unessential ions are drawn into a mass spectrometer. By varying the strength of the magnetic field ane apprize assess ions of different mass to charge ratios. (Surface Analysis, 2000) Some of the applications of SIMS include (i) Identifying the isotopes in a genuine that might have comparable atomic masses as it is overt of producing mass resolutions to tune of 7000. (ii) It is receptive of finding out the extent of impurity concentration present in a specimen and represents the same as a function of depth. The sensitivity of this instrument is in the range of 1 ppb (-1013 at/cm3) (iii) It can accurately map the interface layers and the impurities that may be located at these tittle boundaries. (iv) It uses the raster scanning technique t o produce three dimensional images of the grain distribution. (v) Using the secondary ions it can directly produce an image showing the arrangement of trace elements. character reference Surface Analysis, 2000 2. ... Some of the applications of AES include (i) This is use to identify compositions of elements in solid materials with eminent output sensitivities in the range of 0.5 atomic percent for atomic number 3 to uranium. (ii) This is reclaimable in carrying out the volumetric analysis of a specimen. (iii) This is capable of producing magnified images to the tune of 20000x and is utilize extensively in microelectronics. 3. X-Ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS) (Surface Analysis, 2000) This advanced technique uses x rays in dislodging electrons from specimens and these have trenchant kinetic energies depending on the nature of emitted electrons. It is particularly useful in providing learning regarding the type of bonds that exist in the midst of electrons. This is becaus e any change in binding energy is reflected in the XPS spectrum chart which shows crests and troughs. The crests obviously reflect the high chemical boding energy that existed and the troughs vice versa. Its applications include (i) Determining molecular composition of surfaces along with information regarding the atomic bonding. (ii) It can identify very accurately to the tune of 0.5 atomic % the presence of lithium and uranium. (iii) This can create depth profiles for materials in the range of 1m thickness. (iv) This method of analysis is particularly useful to study functional groups in polymers. 4. Scanning Probe Microscopy (SPM) This is also referred to as Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM). This is capable of generating a profile that shows the topographical nature of the specimen surface. Schematic of atomic force microscope operation Source Surface Analysis, 2000 This essentially consists of a tip mounted on a cantilever. The specimen is placed downstairs this cantilever and

Persuasive Research Paper on Abortion Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Persuasive Research Paper on Abortion - Essay drille in favor of one direction over the other, are events such as rape, the authoritative death of the mother or baby if the pregnancy is allowed to continue and baptisterys of incest. The purpose of this paper is to discuss spontaneous abortion in both a political, moral and feminist light with respect to all of the educated arguments that before long surround the issue.Let us first discuss the most common reasons for one to decide to go an abortion. Abortion is often an alternative to accidental pregnancies or rather, pregnancies which are non planned. Specifically in the case of teen girls who have engaged in un fostered sex. In many cases, these young teens are not only feeling alone and frightened, but are fearful of the response that their parents may have at the news of their daughters pregnancy. In many states, a young girl can master a legal abortion without the consent or knowledge of her parents. While this does well to illuminate children innate(p) into situations where they will not be cared for properly, it also creates the appearance that abortion is simply a contraceptive regularity no different than condoms or birth control pills. This could not be farther from the truth. While it is indecipherable even to scientists and doctors, when to accurately say that a human fetus is alive, it is a daring assumption to generate that a fetus at any point in development is decidedly not a human being yet and therefore not protected from the act of homicide.Certainly, a muliebritys body is her own and that fact is undisputable, period. It is important however, to consider that once a woman knowingly engages in the act of intercourse at which time she can feasible become responsible for another active organism growing inside of her which will one day be a human being, that woman becomes representative of two lives and not just one, her own. In this event, the woman should be subject to laws which a ctively protect both her and the individual growing within her. This is a very clear course of

Engineering semulation Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Engineering semulation - Essay utilisationThere are four taxs to be done first is to show how to plot a particularized behaviour of a system the second task is about choosing the suitable time maltreat for the dissembling in the third task I have to perplex the best spring stiffness, under trus devilrthy speed and the last task is to describe the experience of using COSMOSMOTIONS and highlighting its advantages and disadvantagesThis sub-assembly has two rocker arms, two valves and a camshaft. It has to be analyzed. The least contact suck between the rocker and the camshaft is to be found by varying (changing) the spring stiffness.I deleted the lower parts of the complex system as seen in the picture. If it was included, the weapons platform will take too such(prenominal) time to calculate such a complex system. For task 1 to plot the contact force, linear velocity and linear acceleration charts, the motor speed was unploughed at 100 rpm.This is the linear velocity chart. T he chart shows the rocker speed first rises up as the rocker rises and reaches a point where the speed becomes zero. Then speed starts decreasing while the rocker is retrieving its position. This doubt is periodic and is repeated continuously.Task two controlling the accuracy in the simulation. The size of the time step is an important factor which affects the error in the simulation. Larger time step increases the error and a truly small time step will cause the simulation program to take too much time to calculate a suitable time step is to be chosen.The program has 98.7% probability that its accurate and the 2.3% probability is for a value between 317 and the first 42 value on the force chart. I select the second accurate time step which is 0.00001 for the best efficiency and results in the token(prenominal) time. Choosing smaller time step will take more time to calculate, without any improvement in accuracy Task 2 ends here.For task 3, I set motor speed to 7800 rpm and find

American Indian Myths And Legends Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

American Indian Myths And Legends - Essay ExampleRaweno was self-aggrandizing the rabbit some of the specific features he wanted, but the owl, impatient for his chance, disturbed him, and in a fail of anger Raweno smacked him in the eyes which make them very large and punished him, saying henceforth he would stay awake in the nights.Butterflies, In this story, the myth behind the creation of butterflies is shown. They were made by the Creator, when he wanted to preserve the beauty of the fall colourise and so he put all the colors together in a bag and gave it to the children playing there, who upon opening it, released the butterflies into the air.The Great Race tells how men became much powerful than beasts. A race decided the fate of animals, where the mighty buffalo was pitted against four birds, fielded by hu homos instead of them to take part in the race. The defeat of the buffalo by the humble magpie, made animals the food of humans and since then buffaloes have been hunte d.The Raven tells how the bird came into being. Raven was a lazy man who ate up an old womans clams. The clams made him thirsty and as he searched for water the woman came to know of this and turned him into a bird, which is remembered to this day as the biggest thief. (Sabino, Wu,

Demonstrate understanding of the events, circumstances, causes, and Essay

Demonstrate understanding of the events, circumstances, causes, and effects of the significant events of U.S. History Since 1877 - Essay ExampleOne of the events that shaped America history is the 15th amendment that command discrimination or denying the right to vote by American on the excuse of race or colour. This event happened after the whites had passed a legislation that disallowed people of black origin not to vote in elections. Black human rights activists, who put pressure on the government to amend the legislation opposed this move. As a follow up to the 15th amendment, a 19th one was made on the musical composition that allowed women to vote in national and local elections. These amendments were made under the congressional reconstruction, which saw the southern states separate into military districts. Under this accomplishment, Andrew Johnson was impeached for violating the tenure of office act by removing Staton but the main reason was his insubordination for reco nstruction of the congress 18th amendment was also decreeed in 1930s , and it banned production and sale of alcoholic beverage in join States of America. Although this amendment received huge support from the masses, there were not enough police officers to enact it, and therefore the leaker takers found a way to brew their own beer. With time, the authorities found out that obstacle of production and sale of alcohol contributed a lot to law breaking, this led to the abolishment of the regulation. During the period from 1877 to 1913, United States grew in terms of industrialization to become the leading industrial nation with well-organised railroads, labour and industries. The income of non-farm workers grew by roughly 75 per cent by 1900 and grew further by 33 per cent by 1918. The first industrial change that occurred in America saw production move from artisan to factories, while the second revolution saw the expansion of the factories to in terms of size, coordination and organisation to industry level, which was facilitated by advancements in technology and improvements in transport networks1. New technologies in iron and steel manufacturing such(prenominal) as Bessemer process and open-hearth furnace combined with different new technologies in other areas led to increase in productivity. In order to finance these big businesses corporations, mergers, joint ventures of competing firms which created monopolies were a common practice. This period of industrialisation also led to emergence of powerful industrialists such as john Rockefeller, Jay Gould and Andrew Carnegie among other industrialists. The period after 1877 is also referred to as the Gilead age, which was enjoyed by a great number of American elites after the recovery from the 1873 panic, which threatened the industrial revolution in the country. This period was characterised by a massive transfer of wealth, which led to changes in the social organisation in the society as it created a class of super-rich individuals, who controlled the industry and whose networks of business, family and friends ruled the Anglo-Saxon white protestants2. Some reformers started to argue that the Gilead age had created defile and powerful parties and encouraged voters to participate in the elections. This was evident in voter enthusiasm in elections of 1882 where virtually all persons allowed to vote participated in the elections where the main issues were modernization, money, corruption and railroads. Immigration of people from other areas of the world characterised this period up to 1918. It is estimated that about 27.4 million people moved to United States of America in this period with 89 per

Women Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Women - seek ExampleThe first feature, common for all these women, is their masculinity, interwoven with typically womanish manner of control. Queen Dido rules Carthage, Margot is a member of the Damned Few, the secret council of the Womens country, and Athena is a deity, a goddess of war, wisdom and noesis, adored in the superannuated Greece.In order to understand Margots roles and functions, lets look briefly at the organization of the Womens Country. Within Womens Country, all the cities are walled and each city has, outside its walls, a garrison of male warriors to protect them from other male warriors defend other cities (Tepper, 1988, p.21). In exchange for this defense, the women have to give their male children to his father at the age of five. Warriors are allowed to enter Womens Country under two circumstances. First, they can visit it biannually for Carnival, a social slip which encourages men and women to have intimate affairs in order to have children. Second, th e warriors, who wish to change their feeling story and turn it to more peaceful side, can return to the Womens Country as the servitors, who perform the womens commandments, but admire civilized life without any weapon, cruelty and violence. The ordinances and instructions made by the women are directed to day-by-day way for the inhabitants, who want to lead healthy and productive lives. Furthermore, the Damned Fews policy is close-knit with the total abolishment of sexual urge inequality and with making women independent. Margot is one of those who try to improve the lives of the citizens, who really long to construct, non to destruct.In spite of her nifty power, Margot hasnt become cruel, like many tyrannical political leaders. Margot is an elder and physician in Marthatown (ibid, p.43). Margot is a person, whose life is an example of righteousness in terms of womens country. She has to develop new the values of gender equality (or til now of female dominance to some degre e) in the Country, so she does not allow herself such trivial things as love while solving problems of great importance, such as problem of violence. Using the power her knowledge and wisdom, she rejects the power of her emotions and brings up her daughter Stavia in a similar way (ibid, p.82).Queen Dido is one of the first female characters of western literature. It is possible to say that she is a female parallel to Aeneas. Queen Dido experiences a loss, when her brother betrays and kills her husband Sychaeus. Nevertheless, she is actually a person who founded a new city, having led her people from the motherland as exiles. She has no intention to fall in love with Aeneas, but Cupid traps her with his arrow. Thus, diving into the love, Dido looses her masculinity and moral stability, and her city begins to weaken.Once Aeneas leaves her, she becomes importunate and gets a fixation on her feeling, and needs a child in order to comfort herself. Having mixed-up her promise of fideli ty, given to her husbands soul, and feeling completely desperate, she commits suicide but not without bothering the Trojans and predicting the wars between Rome and Carthage.Dido does not represent the typical woman of classical

I will upload the essay topic for you Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

I will upload the topic for you - leaven ExampleMore details are provided belowSection 4-1of the Income Tax legislation states that income tax is gainful by each individual and company, and by some other entities. Income tax is paid for each class ending on 30 June, and it is called the fiscal year.(b) An accounting period that is not the same as the financial year, any such accounting period or, for a company, each previous accounting period is an income year. The Commissioner suspend an adoption of an accounting period ending on a day other than 30 June as provided in Sction 18 of the Income Tax Assessment Act 1936. 1Energy Matters reported that as of may 2010, there is no specific legislation dealing with incomes generated from feed-in tariff.2 However, the common law may be used. The assessable income tax as provided for by law states thatThis is applied to all entities, whether from business, property, hobby, profit-making scheme, or as shareholder for a corporation. Even c ompensation for loss of salary, pain and suffering are considered incomes.Assessable income includes ordinary incomes derived from all sources including foreign of Australian jurisdiction as long as one is an Australian resident. For non-Australian residents, assessable incomes include simply those gained from all Australian sources for the covered financial year.There are also incomes that are called statutory incomes and considered assessable incomes. For ACT solar Systems Ltd., a even rate of 30% will be filed for payment as income tax. All statutory incomes derived from Australian sources are assessable incomes.3 Australian residence is an important distinction because further Australian residents are provided tax-free threshold from $6,000 up to $11,000 income rebate while non-residents have a flat rate for gross income of 29%. There is also no medical levy for non-residents.ACT Solar Systems Ltd. being a company

Cultural competency in nursing Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Cultural competency in nursing - Assignment shellSuch ensures that nurses can listen to patients effectively in order to learn about their illness and wellness status. This demands that nurses acquire the knowledge, which makes them learn about the culture of other groups in terms of shargond values and traditions. Hence, individuals are able to understand the ethnicity of other persons and their ethnical beliefs.Attitude is an integral value for the caregivers in different cultural settings. This is because attitude influences the thinking and behavior that nurses may develop with respect to cultural practices of individuals in different health care purlieus. Finally, skills aid nurses to have the best cultural competency level. This is in terms of communications and comprehending the room of providing effective patient care and planning for the same. Hence, nurses are able to establish a neutral environment for delivering quality care to the patients in an effective

Explain the legal position of cohabitees whose relationship breaks Essay

Explain the legal position of cohabitees whose blood breaks down. Consider whether the equity (statutory or new(prenominal)wise) provi - Essay grammatical casethat partner is not entitled to whatever equity in the home.4 Neither partner is entitled to alimony, either.5 Moreover, the children who argon born during the partnership are not automatically considered to be the children of the man in the relationship other steps must be taken to establish paternity, and couples often do not take these supererogatory steps, so the man has neither the rights nor the responsibilities regarding these children.6 This essay will examine the issues surrounding multitude who cohabit, as hearty as the specific cases regarding cohabitation, and will attempt to make recommendations that would help couples be better protected downstairs the UK law. Issues Surrounding Cohabitation One of the major issues surrounding cohabitants is the way that they run their finances.7 Specifically, the rule i n the UK about cohabitants is that in that location is an assumption in the UK law that the partners in the cohabiting relationship are bound to one another to adjudge one another financially.8 This is played out in the context of benefit entitlement the law in the UK states that deuce people who are married or co-habiting cannot make individual call fors for benefits.9 One of the people in the relationship must make the claim for both people in the relationship, as well as any children who are a part of the relationship.10 The UK law then looks at the joint income of the household, and if the joint income of the household is in a higher place a certain(prenominal) threshold, then the people in the household are not entitled to certain benefits.11 The issue with this is that the unmarried cohabiting couple are not obligated to support one another, yet the law treats them as if they are.12 This has implications especially for the female non-working partner. The status for women , with regards to state support, previously was that she could have a valid claim for benefits if she were in an unmarried relationship with a man, but this changed with the Supplementary well-being Act 1966.13 The Supplementary Benefit Act 1966 states that unmarried persons must apply for benefits jointly if they are cohabiting.14 The reason that the law treats the two people in a cohabiting relationship as if they are married is that social policy is geared towards further conglutination and discouraging cohabiting relationships.15 In other words, it was in the best interest of the UK government to encourage marriage by not treating cohabitants differently than married couples. This is because, if the UK government chooses to treat cohabitants more favorably than married couples, by giving each partner separate benefits, then this would discourage the couples from marrying. The upshot of this cohabitation rule, is that the non-working partner loses his or her alone(predicate) p arent status, and the benefits that are associated with this status.16 The non-working partner, therefore loses the ability to have their own money, if they are staying home and taking disturbance of the children, and they are forced to rely upon sometimes

Boston is an excellent destination for history and culture( art, food, Research Paper

capital of Massachusetts is an excellent destination for history and culture( art, food, sports, music,etc.) - Research Paper Examplecapital of Massachusetts owe to its historical, art and cultural diversity of the people inhabiting the region as well other aspects stands out as a unique tourists destination from other states.Historical cites and the citys topographyThe early citys contribution to the Ameri substructure history prompted historians to nickname it Cradle of Liberty (Vorhees 54). Primarily, this is apparent from numerous sites characterizing the small city, whereby tourists can both view and learn much as they follow the 2.5-mile walk Freedom Trail, which starts from capital of Massachusetts crude to Bunker knoll Monument (Vorhees 117 & 118). The foot trail avails tourists with adequate information regarding American Revolution in like manner how the colonialists engaged physically their masters with intention of attaining independence. The trail also enables visitor s to have an ideal view of Bostons scenery to a fault other numerous sites that physically tell the American history ( thrust News). Mainly, these sites usually from their inception exemplify various historical phases, which yielded to the attainment of American independence besides other early unprecedented events (Vorhees 118). Some of the sixteen historical sites and architectural designs characterizing this trail include Boston common, Old South Meeting house, Old State House, Old state house, USS constitution & Museum and Bunker Hill Monument (Vorhees 117). Besides, Bostons authorities have ensured effective strategies meant to provide services to tourists in each site apart alongside availing rangers. These act as guides or ensuring the security where possible for the visitors. Other remarkable sites include Charles River Ride reputed with recreational activities, for illustration, in-line skating, bicycling and jogging for the visitors (Vorhees 118). The site besides its re creational activities also provides relaxing and fascinating scenery for the visitors, whereby after touring they usually feel relaxed not only physically, but also mentally. Hence, noticing the difference, which the sites offer, compared to their native regions. The citys topography owing to nice planning and billet of respective(a) attraction sites is incredibly blue-blooded and manageable by foot to navigate. Hence, providing an enjoyable walking and bicycling experience for visitors. Additionally, Bostons attractions sites and their placement contrary to numerous regions globally an individual is capable of touring without a guide. Since, many the places have avail information regarding direction for tourists as they walk or rid to visit. Bostons art and Museum It is irrefutable Boston besides other varied tourists attractions, boasts of varied artworks. These encompass numerous works by the native artists value internationally due to their proficiency in the field, for ill ustration, Gaspar Miguel de Barrio and Melchor Perez Holguin (Laura 90). These exhibitions offer ample environment for visitors to buy and mingle with diverse visual artists as they promote their merchandises. Therefore, one can arrange for individualized artworks that suit their tastes like sort certain information or having their names (City of Boston). In addition, the city is a inhabitancy of the US

Pest Analysis Essay Example for Free

Pest Analysis EssayThe growing importance of environmental or ecological factors in the first decade of the 21st century have given rise to green personal line of credit and encourage widespread use of an updated version of the PEST framework. STEER analysis systematically considers Socio-cultural, technological, scotch, bionomical, and Regulatory factors. Contents * 1 History * 2 Overview * 3 References * 4 External links History According to the site RapidBI The stipulation PEST was originally called the ETPS and was quoted in Aguilar, Francis (1967). Scanning the Business Environment.New York Macmillan.. , who discusses ETPS a mnemonic for the four sectors of what he calls his taxonomy of the business environment Economic, Technical, Political, and Social. Sometime after this initial publication, Arnold Brown for the Institute of Life Insurance reorganised it as STEP as a way to organise the results of his environmental scanning. Over time by academics and others in b usiness it was modified yet again to become a so-called STEPE analysis (the Social, Technical, Economic, Political, and Ecological taxonomies).In the 1980s, several other authors including Fahey, Narayanan, Morrison, Renfro, Boucher, Mecca and Porter included variations of the taxonomy classifications in a variety of orders Due to the proscribe connotations of PEST, a STEP analysis (re-ordering of the acronym letters) also exists, but is used to a lesser extent. Some academics charter that STEP or PEST still contain headings which are appropriate for all situations and do not require additional elements, other claim that the additional breakdown of some factors to help individuals and teams undertaking an environmental scan.Political factors include areas such as tax policy, employment laws, environmental regulations, trade restrictions and tariffs and political stability. * Economic factors are economic growth, interest rates, exchange rates and inflation rate. Social factors oft en look at the cultural aspects and include health consciousness, population growth rate, age distribution, career attitudes and emphasis on safety. * Technological factors include ecological and environmental aspects and can determine barriers to entry, minimum efficient production level and wreak outsourcing decisions. Technological factors look at elements such as RD activity, automation, technology incentives and the rate of technological change.The pestfactors feature with external microenvironmental factors can be classified as opportunities and threats in a SWOT analysis. PEST/ mould alongside SWOT and SLEPT can be used as a basis for the analysis of business and environmental factors. 2 References Aguilar, Francis (2006). Scanning the Business Environment. New York Macmillan..

Romantic Literature Essay Example for Free

Romantic Literature EssayRomance is set forth as a recondite or fascinating quality or appeal, as of something adventurous, heroic, or strangely beautiful. Romance is oftentimes written about in many works throughout time. In the eighteenth century the brooding romantics shargond an idea that all humans were capable of being evil. Their writing was often complex, mysterious, and filled with emotion. Washington Irvings The Devil and turkey cock Walker, Edgar Allens The Masque of the going remnant, and Nathaniel Hawthornes The Minsters Black obliterate are romantic stories because they emphasize on passion, nature, the individual, and the unusual. Even though Hawthorne, Poe, and Irving are all romantic sparers, they use different elements to develop their stories.Washington Irving uses several romantic elements to promulgate the story of Tom Walker, an aging miserly man who sells his soul the Devil in exchange for wealth. nonpareil element that is illustrated is the us e of imagination and emotion once Tom became secure in his wealth he started to show how evil he really was, Let the freebooter roast, said Tom who cares He nowadays felt convinced that all he had heard and seen was no illusion. (Irving 319). As Tom starts to grow old he realizes how bad his deal with the Devil was, he attempts to undo his wrongdoing by becoming religious. Tom gets out of the deal and is left poor when he asks to be move backn if he has made notes off of hopeless race, Walker is left with nothing, and his fortune is now worth mere pennies. (Irving 324). Irving overly shows an have-to doe with in the historic past, the Devil is guarding a hidden treasure buried by Kidd the pirate, the treasure was never recovered because of the pirate being killed. (Irving 312).While Tom Walker was taking a gip roll in the hay home he comes across old Indian land. Nothing remained of the old Indian for that a few embankments, gradually sinking to the level of the surrounding earth, and already overgrown in part by oaks and other forest trees, the foliage of which formed a contrast to the dark pines and hemlocks of the swamp. (Irving 315). Finding an old Indian skull really sparked Walkers interest in the bizarre this is when the devil first comes in butt on with Tom. (Irving 317). During this encounter the Devil describes who he really is, I amuse myself by presiding at the persecutions of Quakers and Anabaptists I am the great patron and prompter of slave dealers and the grand masters of the Salem witches. (Irving 317). Washington Irvings eighteenth century work is romantic literature because it exhibits the use of imagination and emotion, an interest in the historic past, and also an interest in the unusual, bizarre, or unfamiliar. Poe uses a belief in the unusual, bizarre, or unfamiliar, a revolt against countenance and an emphasis on imagination and feeling in his romantic writing.In this tale a distemper called the Red Death infects a country, Prince Prospero decides to take everyone who has not came in contact with the illness to his palace where they leave party all day and have a moment of silence at the sound of a clock ringing every hour, to commemorate being. (Poe 431). Prince Prospero was happy and dauntless and sagacious. When his dominions were half depopulated, he summoned to his presence a thousand hale and lighthearted friends from among the knights and dames of his court . . . (Poe 429). One day at midnight an uninvited guest arrived have on a mask that resembles a corpse and his face has spots of blood, suggesting that he is a victim of the Red Death. The prince revolts against authority when he attacks the masked mummer for showing up to his party. (Poe 433).The palace where the festivities were held had intercut and bizarre rooms, each expanse was painted a different solid color, but the last room is black with red windows creating an eery feeling. (Poe 430). To develop his story, Hawthorne used the ele ments of emphasis on the individual, emphasis on the unfamiliar, bizarre, or the unusual, and the use of imagination. The Ministers Black Veil walks the reader through a minister, Mr. Hooper, and his community once he starts to wear a black veil over his face every day. (Hawthorne 461). The people of Milford, including his fiance, were all confused on wherefore the minister would not ever remove his veil. The tale is centered on Mr. Hopper and the reason for the veil, A rumor of some unaccountable phenomenon had preceded Mr. Hooper into the meeting house, and set the entire congregation astir. (Hawthorne 460).The face covering was mysterious and unusual to the public, they figured that the minister wearing the veil symbolized a horrible sin, Swathed about his forehead, and hanging consume over his face, so low as to be shaken by his breath, Mr. Hopper has on a black veil. (Hawthorne 460). The minister never told anyone why he wore the shield on his face but demanded that people re spect his decision to wear it. This caused him and his fiance, Elizabeth, to have arguments. Hawthorne uses imagination in this work when Elizabeth and Mr. Hopper have their net argument over the veil, For a few moments she appeared lost in a horizon, considering, probably, what new methods might be tried to withdraw her lover from so dark a fantasy, which, if it had no other meaning, was perhaps a symptom of mental disease. (Hawthorne 467).His fiance leaves him, but come back years later to help take care of him in his last years throughout the time they were apart she never married anyone else. On his death bed Mr. Hopper still did not remove the black veil the town thought this to be bizarre but did not question his choice. (Hawthorne 470). The minister wished that his congregation would help him through his journey, but instead the gossiped and proved that they were not supportive churchgoers as they portrayed. Hawthornes The Ministers Black Veil proves that is a romantic work because it illustrates emphasis on the individual, emphasis on the unfamiliar, bizarre, or the unusual, and the use of imagination.Poe, Hawthorne, and Irving are romantic writers because their works use five different elements in order to create a short story. All three stories have a male character that had to make a choice without view about how it affected the people around them. The tales had emphasis on emotion, nature, and the individual. The brooding romantics were not like the authors that write romance novels now. Their writing was darker and definitely not as light hearted. Centuries later the definition of romance has changed drastically.

Defending the Play Trifle Essay Example for Free

Defending the Play Trifle testIn the play, Trifles by Susan Glaspell, is about a execute mystery of Mr. Wright. The custody the court attorney, sheriff, and Mr. Hale, a neighorbor to the Wright family, and the wo men the sheriffs wife, Mrs. Peter and Mrs. Hale, solve the mysery in two very different ways. The men show up at the house as a crime scene, and only focusing on the bigger, important elements of a murder mystery. As Mr. Hale was trying to explain everything he saw in the house that morning of Mr. Wrights death, he said She was rockin back and forth.She had her apron in her hand and was kind of pleating it (1154). Meanwhile, Mr. Hale was smell for Mr. Wright, Mrs. Wright was kind of subtle and said you cant. Mr. Hale was confused. each(prenominal) she said then was he has been murder. All three men go upstairs to talk and investigate the body. One the otherhand, the women approach the house as a home, and focusing on the trifles, meaning small detail or unimportan t, such as cook mess, unfinished sewing, and unwashed pans cleaning.As the women are overturned about Mrs. Wrights trifles in the house the men like to make fun of them. For example, Hale stated, Well, women are used to worryin over trifles (1156). Mrs. Wright loved making conserves as her fruit froze in the freezer and do a big mess that the two women were worried about, so the sheriff said Well, can you beat the women Held for murder and worryin about her perserves (1155). In society, as you can see, men tend to ingore the womens world, blind to the truth before their eyes.A critic once said Trifles is a lousy play because by the third page we already know who d champion it, so at that place isnt much reason the sit through the rest of the play. A murder mystery does not have to keep the reader in suspense to who the culprit was, but why the culprit did it. The pick out element in the play Trifles is motive, the reason or emotion that drives a person to do something. What m ade Mrs. Wright drive to kill her husband? As the men look for any possible motive, the women talk to one another about Mrs.Wright. They end up finding a bird cage with a abject door, but they find no bird. Another possible movite uncovered by the women is the discovery of the dead bird. They fix the bird, dead, somebody had strangled the bird. So, just because a murder happens early, does not make it a bad play. whole works Cited X. J. Kennedy. Dana Gioia. LITERATURE An Introduction to Fiction, Poetry, Drama, and Writing. Trifles. 12 ed. New Jersey Pearson. 2013. Pages1153-1163.

The first experiment Essay Example for Free

The graduation exercise experiment EssayIn the three experiments, we seem how different objects fall. We should take note that the experiments are employed with the presence of stock (and thus, air friction). In the first case, the quarter dollar coin is bigger and heavier than the penny therefore, it give drop faster because its gravitative quarter is greater than that of the penny. Even if there is an air friction which is opposite the direction of gravity, it only has a borderline effect on the coins. In the second case, the crumpled paper falls faster than the uncrumpled one.This is because the presence of air friction acts greater with the uncrumpled paper as its surface is greater, hence creating a bigger space for air friction to occur. The crumpled paper, on the other hand, falls faster because of its agitateed state. Its gravitational pull acts greater than the opponent air friction. Thirdly, the case of the coin dropped from the index card accounts for the coi n to fall faster. This is because it has greater mass (and therefoe, greater gravitational force) tan the index card.Generally, the mass and weight of an object are major characteristics to consider in predicting its rate of fall. The greater the mass or weight, the faster go forth it fall. This is primarily due to the fact that gravitational force is mass (m) times acceleration die to gravity (g = constant at 9. 8 m/s2). In the uniform way, the shape and surface of an object also contribute to its rate of fall. The more compact or solid the object, the faster it go away fall the bigger the surface area, the more slowly it will fall. The frictional force is responsible for this slow down. 2.Describe the difference (in both what happens and why) between a someone who jumps from an airplane with a parachute and one who jumps without a parachute. If a parachute is used, what would be the difference when the same size parachute is used on a soul and and so used on an elephant? In the first instance where a individual jumps from an airplane with a parachute (say, psyche A), as compared to the person without a parachute (person B), person A will be able to land in a uninjuredr manner since the chute provides for a accrue in the persons acceleration towards the ground.As person A drops down, the chute slows down his velocity by adding the oppositely directed air friction meaning, as the downward velocity increases (or as person A accelerates downward), an upward force (which is the air friction sifted by the parachute) reduces the acceleration, thus creating less impact on person As landing. Contrastingly, person B will drop downwards in an accelerating manner, where the increased velocity will account for a less safe landing. In the second instance, the size is given focus with regard to the velocity and acceleration of the falling person/animal.Given the same sizes of parachutes used, a person (say, person C) and an elephant (say, Dumbo) are dropped down from an altitude. The effect would be that Dumbo will fall faster than person C despite the same sizes of chutes. Dumbos size accounts for the increase in velocity, as it has been established that mass is a factor for acceleration according to Newtons low gear Law of Motion (F = ma or a = F / m). Person C will then fall more slowly as compared to Dumbos acceleration. The parachute may provide a decrease in acceleration, but this is more observable in person Cs experience.

Water Conservation Essay Example for Free

urine saving EssayINTRODUCTION body of piss is essential for life on earth. pee is inevitable for growing food, safekeeping ourselves clean, generating power, controlling fire and most meaning(a)ly to stay alive This list is simply non-ending. This shows that body of pissing is an implicit in(p) part of our daily life and we argon heavily dependent on it.Water preservation Refers to decrease the usage of peeing translate and recycling of waste wet for different purposes such as cleaning, manufacturing, and rude irrigation. wise to(p) Water Availability* Two thirds of the surface of the Earth c everywhereed with piddle come forth, so you might be mentation why it is a problem. It is beca intention most human uses require fresh pissing with closely 97.5% of the pissing on the Earth, salt water it leaves solitary(prenominal) 2.5% to be fresh water. Furthermore, two thirds of it is made up of ice frigid in glaciers and polar ice caps. The remaining majority is instalwater with a very petty(a) fraction front above ground or in the air. * Access to safe drinking water has improved everywhere the last decades in almost every part of the world, but approximately nonpareil billion wad still lack access to safe water and oer 2.5 billion lack accesses to adequate sanitation. at that place is a clear correlation between access to safe water and GDP per capita. * A new-fashioned report of 2009 suggests that by 2030, in some developing regions of the world, water demand lead exceed yield by 50%. * Water plays an important role in the world economy, as it functions as a solvent for a wide variety of chemical substances and facilitates industrial cooling and transportation.THE CRISIS* 97 % of the Earths water is salt water? * The percentage of the worlds total water is available to drink is less than 1 %. * Water conservation refers to decrease the usage of water and recycling of waste water for different purposes like domestic usage, industries, gardening etc. * Over the years rising populations, growing industrialization, and expanding agriculture defecate pushed up the demand for water. * Efforts have been made to collect water by building dams, reservoirs and digging wells some countries have besides tried to recycle and desalinate sea water. * Water conservation has become the need of the day.* The method of recharging ground water by harvesting rainwater is gaining importance in many cities. * Water conservation bunghole be done through what you do, not by what you know. * In the forests, water seeps gently into the ground out-of-pocket to vegetation cover. This groundwater in turn feeds wells, lakes, and rivers. Protecting forests means protecting water catchments. In ancient India, hoi polloi worshipped Nature and one of them was Water.AT A STAKEThe importance of protecting our water imaging evictnot be overstated. Regrettably, in countries like Canada that are blessed with an abundance of fresh water, there is continuous maltreat and abuse of the resource household toilets that use 20 liters per blotto when 6 liters would do, and to industrial plants and municipalities that use water bodies as convenient sewers. About 70 percent of the earths surface is cover with water. Of that, save 0.3 percent is usable by humans. The remaining 99.7 percent is either unusable salt water or unavailable fresh water. And, most of the 0.3 percent is out of reach, locked up in icecaps and glaciers. Water is a good that is essential to life on this planet. Plants and animals need clean water to survive. Humans rely on bounded supplies of freshwater to stay alive, without it people bungholenot live more than a few days. Almost everything we do uses water in some way.Unfortunately, all of earth inhabitants share 1 percent of all the water on earth. And with exploding human population growth, especially in poor countries, these finite supplies get quickly used up. The water we have now is a ll there go out ever be. We open firenot quickly produce more water. It stomach form on its own through the ecosystem but that orchestrates centuries, whereas victimisation up the earths water resources takes just a few seconds by turning on a tap. It is our responsibility to not only conserve water, but to make sure that it stays clean as well. According to the World Bank, as many as two billion people lack adequate sanitation facilities to protect them from water-borne disease, musical composition a billion lack access to clean water altogether. According to the United Nations, which has declared 2005-2015 the Water for Life decade, 95 percent of the worlds cities still dump raw sewage into their water supplies? Thus it should come as no surprise to know that 80 percent of all the health maladies in developing countries can be traced. Water wastagePeople waste water in their homes without level(p) realizing it. We have become so accustomed to have a 24 hour supply of water to meet all of our needs from cooking, to cleaning, to drinking, that we sometimes forget that we do not have an infinite supply of water. Besides using renewable energy in the home to cut back on the use of electricity, we must also learn how to save our water supply. Here are a few tips on how to do so. The first thing you should do is check for leaks in taps, pipes, and dishwasher hoses which can cause over 2,000 liters of water per month to be wasted. Repairing any leaks will save you a ton of money and you will also be saving the environment. In the same way that you can buy renewable energy, you can also buy water efficient taps that will make the most of your water and will encounter that you are not wasting any while the tap is running. To save both water and energy, if youre not already using green energy, then you should wait until your dishwasher is completely full before running it. On average, dishwashers use approximately 40 liters of water per load, but thanks to features that some dishwasher have, you can specify that it is a light load, or rinse only, or air dry. All of these features endure you to save both water and energy. Goals of Water ConservationThe goals of water conservation efforts include as followsSustainability To ensure availability for future generations, the withdrawal of fresh water from an ecosystem should not exceed its natural replacement rate.Water efficiency Water efficiency can be defined as the accomplishment of a function, task, process, or result with the minimal amount of water feasible, or an indicator of the relationships between the amount of water needed for a specific purpose and the amount of water used, occupied or delivered.Energy conservation Water pumping, delivery, and wastewater treatment facilities consume a significant amount of energy. In some regions of the world over 15% of total electricity consumption is devoted to water management.Habitat conservation Minimizing human water use helps to pres erve fresh water habitats for local wildlife and migrating water flow, as well as reducing the need to build new dams and other water diversion infrastructure.Water conservation Water conservation refers to reducing the usage of water and recycling of waste water for different purposes such as cleaning, manufacturing, and agricultural irrigation.Water Saving Tips* Monitor your water for unusually high use. Your bill and your water meter can help you to discover leaks. * Water your lawn and garden in the morning or evening when the temperatures are cooler, to diminish evaporation. * Wash your fruits and vegetables in a pan of water. Reuse it to water the plants. * Check outdoor faucets, sprinklers and hoses for leaks.* Upgrade erstwhile(a) toilets with water efficient models * Water can also be conserved by landscaping with indispensable plants. * Shorten your shower by a minute you will save up to 150 gallons per month. taps with low flow and high pressure can be used. * Put a we ighted intent in the toilet tank to displace water so less is used with each flush in conventional water closets. * Run only full loads in the washing utensil and dishwasher. EXTRA MEASURES There is a gap between the seasonal availability of water and its equitable supply end-to-end the year. Accordingly the storage of water and passage through soils is very important. It is well known that about 70% area in this country is subject to varying degree of water stress. There are areas with heavy rainfall but water problems become predominant during non-monsoon periods.It is thus a matter of annoying to create a redistribution system and requirements as and when it is needed. Although there are many methods for water management, the two important methods are mentioned as follows. Rain Water Harvesting Rain Water Harvesting as a method of utilizing rain water for domestic and agricultural use is already widely used throughout the world. It is a method which has been used since ancien t times and is increasingly being accepted as a practical method of providing potable water in development projects throughout the world. It has wide application also in urban and peri-urban areas where the reliability and quality of piped water is increasingly being questioned. Despite these facts the percentage of households using rain water harvesting in Zimbabwe both in urban and rural areas is remarkably low. well-disposed solutions water conservation programs are typically initiated at the local level, by either municipal water utilities or regional governments. Common strategies include public outreach campaigns, tiered water rates (charging progressively high prices as water use increases), or restrictions on outdoor water use such as lawn watering and car washing.Watershed Management A watershed is an area bounded by the catchment basin line of water flow so that a distinct drainage basin of any small or big water course or sprout can be identified. The rain dropping ove r this area will flow through only one point of the whole watershed. In other words, the entire area will be drained only by one stream or water course. In this way we will have definitive water resource which can be assessed and analyzed for planning for the optimum utilization through ground water, wells, tube wells, small ponds, bigger tanks or reservoirs. Watershed management is very important for rainfall and resultant run-off.More than 900 watersheds of the flood devoted rivers have been identified and are at present in operation. The development of delayed through propagation of water harvesting technology is also based on the concept of micro watershed. Himalayas are one of the most critical watersheds in the world. The damage to reservoirs and irrigation systems and misused Himalayan slopes is mounting as are the cost for the control measures during the flood season every year. The vast hydroelectric power potential can be harnessed from the Himalayas watersheds on a sust ainable basis.The concept of water shed management has been extended to agro-industrial watersheds which take care of agro-industrial development.Awareness on Soak Pit A soak pit is a covered porous-walled chamber that allows water to slowly soak in the ground. Pre-settled effluent from a collection and storage or treatment chamber is discharged to the underground chamber from where it infiltrates into the surrounding soil.Conclusion We must use our water wisely. Earlier water has been abundant resource and unfortunately was used carelessly. Today water is a extraordinary resource to us and to future generations. Life wouldnt be the same without it. Water is one of natures most important gifts to mankind. Essential to life, the survival of all living beings depends on water.

The Accuracy Of Sensory Information Essay Example for Free

The Accuracy Of receptive Information Es swanThere argon many reasons to believe the accuracy of sensory information. Here are three feel, see and smell. Feeling sends a message to your brain letting you know what something is. Just say you have been blind folded and an object (cake) has been placed in front of you. In feeling the object you would be able to tell the texture and what the object is. See provides you with accurate information roughly your surroundings. For instance, if you see individuals performing chess it is certain that they are actu totallyy playing. Another good example would be children playing outpouring ball, what you see is what it is. Smelling means that thither could be danger but not in all cases. When there is a desirable smell that could sense that something is cooking or a fragrance. immediately there is the type of smell that senses danger.For instance, the smell of smoke means something is on fire. outright I would describe the inaccuracy o f sensory information. In the past we all have jumped to conclusions at some point and time. Just say there is a case where you walk in a room and everyone starts to look at you. Theres no doubt that they are looking at you but you sense that they may be talk about you. Now this could mean that you are just insecure and feel that everyone is against you. Your surroundings can con the action of your animal(a) organs. Like going down a street and you notice that your car is the further one on the street. The first thing pops into mind is maybe this street is closed or everyone is in a building. If the street was closed it looks like there should be some type of signage.Regardless of the sensual organ we are using its not al shipway accurate. This is why we shouldnt be parasitical on them. Nature and advert is a very debatable topic. Research is still being conducted about the debate on nature and nourish. Nature is said to refer to the qualities of an individual. It has been pr oven that nature not nurture was responsible for intelligence. On the other hand the genes are nature as well which the physical and record state is. The physical state consist of weight, eye and hair color. Personality state would be how the soul is defined to self and others. On a more personal experience that is considered to be nurture. The way that you were brocaded or the relation to your childhood plays its role. Ones personal traits are predetermined by their genes.Now overall its due to life experiences that define that individual. In my view of nature and nurture I see it as not being stable. There is no doubt that both nature and nurture plays a part in whom we are. When it comes to nurture or otherwise known as environment, it has a higher(prenominal) impact on which we are as individuals. We as humans have brains that all receive a different message. The amount of education a person receives doesnt tell exactly their level of intelligence. Now it does have some effect s on beliefs, behavior and intelligence. Not the person as a all does it has an effect on. Its only human that we learn from each other. Being influenced or develop ways of thinking and acting coincides.

Aristotle Virtue Ethics Essay Example for Free

Aristotle Virtue Ethics turn outOne basic thought in Aristotelian ethics that occupies a central significance is Aristotles depression in the role of mans activities in order for whizz to acquire estimable knowledge. That is, for wiz to become virtuous or to see virtues mavin should not truely confine himself to mere studying of these virtues but rather one should, more importantly, actualize this knowledge of the virtues. Thus, for one to become good, one should do good. Aristotle further stretches his ideas by proposing the doctrine of the mean. The essence of this doctrine dwells on the basic precept that one ought to avoid the extremes and, instead, settle for the mean. The whole kit of men, more specifically, ought to be framed upon the mean which is the virtue. For example, the virtue of courage rests on the mean between two extremes cowardice or the lack of courage, and rashness or the excess in courage. It can easily be observed that Aristotle suggests that on e should live a life that does not modeling on the things that are on the most and the least levels.For example, if I were to follow Aristotles ethics I should al manners see to it that I should consistently draw myself towards the middle value and avoid slanting towards cowardice and excess. All this could nonplus been rattling well except for one small thing that I cannot attend to fully comprehend. How is it possible for one to ascertain that one is actually taking the middle path? Or how is it possible for one to know that this or that is the middle value or is the virtuous action? possibly the key in having an understanding to the notion of the mean is that one should act.That is, as I continually encounter these ideas as to what I must do when faced with an ethical situation or, at the least, an ordinary situation, I should nonetheless take the course of action so that I give be able to obtain a qualitative understanding that what I am doing is the excess. On the other hand, I will be having quite a rough time in acquiring the understanding as to whether the action that I am doing is virtuous if all that I do is to theorize and never let my hypothesis be put into practice. Aristotles virtue ethics reminds me of Platos conception of ethics.For the most part of the Republic, Plato attempts to contract at a conception of a just life by centering on the notion that the just life or that which is good is better than living a life molded on an evil framework and one which prompts individuals to act in an evil vogue. At the onset of the Republics Book II, a conception of the idea of justice is advanced as the working of an individual in accordance to the role in which one is best suited as well as the belief for non-interference in the activities of others.In essence, this principle is closely related to Platos perspective on acting in accordance to ones nature or intrinsic being which results to the state or narrow down of being just or acting justl y once the individual acts in line to his very nature. Otherwise, if one begins to act beyond what his nature prescribes, then the individual begins to act in an unjust manner thereby resulting to evil actions (Plato and Kamtekar).While Aristotle insists that one should put into action the thought that one whitethorn have so as to have an understanding of the middle value that should be taken, Plato, on the other hand, suggests that one should simply go by with ones nature so as not to be evil. If I were to choose which ethical precept would be better or would fit me best, I would rather be inclined to adopt Aristotles virtue ethics over the other because it offers me a chance to actualize myself through my actions and be guided accordingly. Whereas for Plato, what I am seeing is that I should sign up to know my self first before I act so that I can be good.But this cannot be met easily essentially because I find it quite difficult to know myself if I would not act first. In the li ght, if all the students in a certain class would build up a virtue like that of Aristotles point of view, the achievement of an environment which is formidably that built on the concept of philosophical and tremendously beneficial notions in life, the attainment of the virtue of goodness is towering in the highest hopesalthough it eventually does not also undermine the concept of realism.Apparently, many may not stick on this kind of perception and ought to think that it is certainly not possible to achieve a life which is way beyond the bounds of a not-so-good life for that instance, but with the maximum height of human rationality, such may be given enough credit for the philosophers who believed in a life where goodness comes in deeds (Lannstrom).Work CitedLannstrom, Anna. Loving the Fine Virtue and Happiness in Aristotles Ethics. Indiana USA University of Notre Dame Press, 2006. Plato, and R. Kamtekar. The schematic View of Justice Developed. Trans. D. Lee. The Republic. 2 ed Penguin Classics, 2003. 8-14.

Potential For Water Supply Essay Example for Free

capability For Water Supply EssayAccording to the International Water Management Institute environmental query organisation global water stress is increasing, and a third of only people face slightly sort of water scarcity. Where demand exceeds supply and no effective management operates, there will be dates between the various players involved.In addition, global climate change will exacerbate these challenges faced by countries and populations. Shifting precipitation patterns threaten to reduce water availability in some regions while inflicting stronger storms on others, increasing both potential droughts and floods. This may increase the frequency of much serious conflicts and resolving power in water wars.Meeting the worlds growing water needs will require farthest more effective use of available resources. By combining appropriate technology, strategic management and involving all the players water conflicts rotter be avoided.The Nile river exemplifies an Internat ional dispute with the source of the conflict being the water supply. Egypt who cook a historical right to The Nile ar highly cypherent on its waters, which are required for farming(a) purposes with the waters being a necessity to irrigate the arable land. Many countries in the Nile basin depend heavily on the Nile, with Egypt depending on the Nile for 97% of its re recentable water resource. Consequently, The Nile is essential to the food and water shelter in all of the countries that lie within the Nile river basin. With so many countries being reliant on unmatched single water source it is no surprise that this water supply has increased tensions in the knowledge domain and that there is a huge potential for it to cause conflict.Ethiopias tributaries supply roughly 86% of the Nile as yet as a result of the Entebbe Agreement Ethiopia and other upstream countries commit begun to divert water for new dam projects that would provide hydro-electric power and irrigation ne de vilrks. These developments upstream have led to threats from Egypt, who are extremely protective all over their decreasing share of the Niles water supply. However in order to secure theirsupply they must require in peaceful negotiations as violence would only jeapordise their share of the supply. Thus the potential for water conflict is there as tensions continue to increase between upstream and downstream nations, and perhaps overtime as the downstream nations share of the supply is further squeezed, these tensions are in all likelihood to result in conflict.Conflict can also occur within a country, for deterrent example the states situated within the Colorado river basin have been constantly squabbling over who owns the water supply and who should be allocated the most water. In the 1920s the Law of the River completed the division of water amongst the upper basin states, it also defined their responsibility to supply water to the turn down basin states. This division had b een based on an estimated annual flow of 21 billion m3/yr in 1920, however this was a time of above normal flows, recent studies have indicated that long term mean(a) flows are around 18 billion m3/yr.The deficit between the flow and the allocation has become more apparent as the population in the clorado basin states continues to rise. As a result of this deficit tensions are rising between the states, California receives a large percentage of the water as a result of its large population and political power even though the river does not directly flow by it. This has heightened tensions with the states who are experiencing severe water shortages who actually have a grater claim to the river than California. Although the city dwellers may be losing out as they are having to share their water with other states, farmers are profiting as they claimed the land graduation exercise and thus the majority of water, 80%, lies with them.The Colorado river has not only caused internal disp utes but also outside(a) disputes, causing there to be the potential for conflict with Mexico. The reason being that the Colorado river is that the basin states are so dependent on the water that the river supplies that it no longer reaches the sea, 90% of the water has been extracted before it reaches Mexico. The delta has lessen in size as a result of the extraction and the large dams put in describe along the river such as the Hoover Dam. This did increase political tensions between the two nations and there was a strong potential for the supply of the Colorado river to become a source ofConflict between the two countries, however in 2012 an amendment was made to the Law of the River entitled Minute 319 which gave Mexico a grater allocation of the water supply.This is an example of how there can be a potential for conflict yet an agreement can be reached to prevent it. Nonetheless there is still a potential for new disputes among the Colorado river, this is less likely to occu r internationally on the US-Mexico border as a result of the recent amendment, however at the artificial border drawn at Lees Ferry, between the upper and demoralize basin states. Aside from the note put on the supply by a growing population, the upper basin has a secondary surplus that it is using to develop its economy. However at the same time water shortages in the lower basin could limit the potential for economic growth in the lower basin and thus their remain a potential for the water supply to cause conflict in the future.

Local Authority Housing in Ireland Essay Example for Free

Local permission Housing in Ireland EssayLocal effectiveness housing foregathers a vital role in Ireland housing administration. Without it umpteen people would find themselves on the streets without a detonator over their heads. However it is not a solution to in all chores we argon experiencing in this country today. In fact while topical anaesthetic license housing solves many paradoxs it earth-closet to a fault be the cause of some problems too. In this makeup I will look at and evaluate the strengths and the weaknesses of local anaesthetic anesthetic post housing in Ireland today. I will also look at pinnacle simulations of these strengths and weaknesses, using a number of local means housing nations throughout the country.Firstly I feel it is imperative to briefly describe the housing system Ireland as a whole, in order to gain a clearer perspective on the status of local authority housing in the country.In Ireland we assume a dual housing system. This way we shit a mix of both private and societal housing and public tenures. State owned and complaisant housing accounts for 19% of the housing market. The government enforced policies to ensure that a percentage of newly constructed houses were to be kept and dedicated to the local authority housing scheme. Local authority housing caters for poor and rugged income business firms, who may otherwise not be sufficient to afford housing. It is accessed by means testing and also by special needs qualification. The direct for these houses are determined by the income of the household occupying them. The landlords are generally the local administration. Some examples of well known local authority housing the three kingdomss are Moyross estate in Limerick City, Fatima Mansions in Dublin and Knocknaheeny in Cork. alas over the years these local authority housing estates own built up a bad reputation, controvert images and negative stigmas. A few different factors play a role in this. I will be looking into these factors in more detail, as I speak later, about the weaknesses of local authority housing. An example of this would be the do worker Ballymun high initiate flats which were renowned for appearing on the news linked with stories of crime and violence. In order to combat this problem and create less of a bad image for these problem estates, the government set out a ten year plan to regenerate 7 local authority housing estates throughout Ireland. They aimed to do this by means of policy changes and state funding. These estates are Fatima Mansions and Finglas entropy in Dublin City, Fettercairn, Tallaght, in South County Dublin Deanrock estate in Togher, Cork City Moyross in Limerick City, Muirhevnamor in Dundalk and Cranmore in Sligo town. (Norris, M and OConnell, C. 2010)Strengths of local authority housingLocal authority housing succeeds affordable homes for those who would not otherwise be able to afford housing and this is a much needed a nd dandy service provided by our local authorities here in Ireland. Local authority housing has a number of benefits to both its tenants and to the community as a whole. It has many strengths.Good quality houses As stated above the government as carve up of the local authority housing scheme set out a number of newly built houses during the construction boom, and dedicated them to the local authority housing scheme. This was a very clever tactic by the government as it meant that these local authority houses were newly built good quality housing, moving past from the previous opinion that local authority houses were often undesirable and of poor quality. The most typical form of these houses were cottage type or terrace housing in low density estates (Fahey 1999. Pg. 236)Cheaper, affordable rent Because local authority housing is accessed via means testing and rent payment is determined by household income it means that lower income households can afford to suffer more comfortab ly and ensures that they have a roof over their heads. Without this scheme homelessness rates would undoubtedly be a lot higher(prenominal) in Ireland. more owner occupation A lot of people renting local authority housing as a long term arrangement often eventually come to own their houses. This instills a level of independence which they could never have achieved otherwise.Happier tenants For the most part, people in local authority housing have reported that they are happy with their overall housing experience (Fahey 1999. Pg. 236)Community Development Programmes Often in areas of local authority housing local authorities dedicate themselves to the provision of facilities and programmes to improve living conditions, social condition, education and employment conditions for those living there. Community employment schemes are just one example of this. This is a great benefit to both the residents and the community as a whole as it leads to a higher standard of living for the indivi duals and also helps reduce rates of unemployment in the area, which in turn leads to a decrease in other social problems in the area such as crime. (Fahey, T., Norris, M., McCafferty, D. Humphreys, E. 2011 Pg. 24)Preventative Interventions Local authority housing can also act as a means of protection and prevention for many people. Local services provided in spite of appearance these local authority estates provide support for families and individuals who would otherwise have negative outcomes(Fahey, T., Norris, M., McCafferty, D. Humphreys, E. 2011 Pg. 24) Previously at risk people have more chance of being safe from disgust and crime etc. in these local authority housing estates.An example of the strengths within a local housing estateDean careen estate, situated in Togher in Cork city, is a prime example of the many strengths of local housing estates in Ireland. This estate is in high demand with a very low turnover, long waiting lists to get in and very settled conditions . Dean Rock is now home to a voluntary, community based family support centre and also to social workers too. The estate has flourished over the years and is now a highly popular local authority housing estate with low levels of crime, delinquency, unemployment and enjoys a high status in terms of its visual appearance, absence of litter and graffito and upholds high levels of planting and public green areas. It has become a very desirable place to live with good quality neighbors, ridding it of any stigmas which had previously applied to local authority housing estates. (Fahey, T. 1999. Pg. 238-239)Weaknesses of local authority housing estatesThe fundamental aim of local authority housing that is, to help those who cannot otherwise afford housing, means that local authority housing should be a very positive and problem free area. Unfortunately this is not always the case.Because these estates are linked with poor and low income families it often means there are high levels of unemp loyment, low levels of education and gum olibanum resulting in high levels of delinquency and crime. (Fahey, T. 1999. Pg. 238) These factors all cause great social problems within these estates.Also high levels of diversity within the estates lead to a hierarchy within them. Higher and lower status areas emerge within the estates, causing a lack of social gumminess. Appearances of houses, heraldic bearing/ absence of litter and graffiti, and vandalism(Fahey, T. 1999. Pg. 239) can often result in conflict between neighbors and thus lead to poor quality neighborhoods.Failure of the government to integrate with local authorities to improve provide vital amenities and service to the local authority housing estates also creates a huge problem in these estates. It creates a great level of social exclusion between those living in these estates and those that dont. (Fahey, T., Norris, M., McCafferty, D. Humphreys, E. 2011 Pg. 31)An example of the weaknesses within a local housing estate Fatima Mansions is a local authority housing estate in Dublin. Unlike Dean Rock estate in Cork, Fatima Mansions has been described as troubled and unwieldy to let(Fahey, T. 1999. Pg. 238) Over 15% of the premises are vacant and some are derelict. There is no waiting list to get in to this estate. There is a severe lack of social cohesion and this causes other social problems. Heroin usage is high in the area and this has knock on do to the levels of crime and violence in the area two. It is in stark contrast to Dean Rock estate and highlights the diversity between local authority estates.ConclusionWhile it is evident, from the information in this paper, that local authority housing has huge and undeniable benefits to the lower income population of society I think that many improvements can still be made to these schemes. I feel the government needs to take more office perhaps in funding local authorities and enabling them to better facilities and services available to these estat es. This would demand about a major difference in the areas for the better and hopefully result in all the local authority estates being as successful as Dean Rock estate in Cork.BibliographyCowan, D. and McDermont, M. (2006) Regulating kindly Housing Governing Decline,Routledge, London.Fahey, T. (1999) (ed.) Social Housing in Ireland A tuition of success, failures and lessons learned. oak tree Tree Press, Dublin.Fahey, T., Norris, M., McCafferty, D. Humphreys, E. (2011) beseting Social Disadvantage in Social Housing Estates The policy implications of a ten-year follow-up study. Combat Poverty Agency.National economic and Social Forum (1999), Local Development Issues, Dublin National Economic and Social Forum.Norris, M and OConnell, C (2002), Local Authority Housing Management Reform in the country of Ireland progress to date impediments to further progress, European Journal of Housing Policy.Norris, M and OConnell, C (2010) Social Housing Management, Governance and Delivery in Ireland Ten Years of Reform on Seven Estates.OConnell, C and Fahey, T. (1999), Local Authority Housing in Ireland, Fahey, T. (eds.), Social Housing in Ireland A study of success, failure and lessons learned, Oak Tree Press, Dublin.

Tragic Heroes of Illiad Essay Example for Free

Tragic Heroes of Illiad turn outAlthough Achilles and bullyrag are both mighty warriors who share the same values, they have different backgrounds, per passwordalities, and reasons for fighting. Homer presents Achilles, the son of Peleus, a mortal, and of Thetis, a sea nymph, as a hero with almost supernatural characteristics. Achilles statue is godlike, his strength is superior, and his powers with a spear unsurpassed. He wears immortal armor and has talking horses. While Achilles is superhuman, Hector is completely human adjoin by his wife and child. As the eldest son of Priam and Hekuba, king and queen of Troy, Hector is the commander of the trojan troops. Hector has strong feelings of responsibility for his community. Troy is a center of culture with elaborate palaces and surrounds Hector and his family with stability.Achilles is a young, complex warrior capable of great cruelty and kindness. Homer always portrays him in extreme passion. He comes to Troy, penetrating h e will die because he wants honor and glory. He chooses glory and an early shoemakers last, preferably than a long, inglorious life. When Achilles argues with Agamemnon, Achilles reaction is deadly anger (1.190). Although he wants to fight, his stubborn pride compels him to sulk. He rejects pleas to return to the battle. In order to please Patroklos, Achilles finally compromises and allows Patroklos to return to battle wearing Achilles armor. Achilles allows Patroklos to go to his death. Only after Patroklos death does Achilles see that his sitting by his ships is a useless weight on the good land (18.104) which sacrificed many of his mens lives. Achilles is angrier than ever. He tears at his hair with his hands, and defiles it (18.27). Achilles anger, grief, and sorrow is expressed in vengeance. He wants revenge for Patroklos death. ruefulness stricken and raged, Achilles pursued Hector around walls of Troy 3 times, killed him and tied his lifeless body to his transport and drag ged it (22.401). Hectors fear of death is overcome by his fear of disgrace (7.215-18).Hector is more cautious, practical, and virtuous. Iris tells him to lay the troops, and he does so (2.802). When Paris proposes a duel, Hector and Odysseus make practical arrangements while Priam and Agamemnon exchange the cuss (3.264-317). Hector always appears as a hero of responsibilities. Hectors virtues are the outcome of his responsiveness to society. He is informed that his own virtues are conditioned rather than natural or spontaneous. He has schooled himself to play the warriors role and to be good (6.441-46). He does not question the order of things or shirk his duties.Although they both want glory, Achilles and Hector fight for different reasons. Achilles is an absolute hero who acts only for himself and for the glory of himself. He is an independent warrior in the army of Troy. He can return home when he pleases. His refusal to fight is an indication that he retains his independence. Achilles has no ain grievance against Troy (8.154). Achilles asked Zeus to help his enemies, the Trojans, kill his friends because his personal honor weighs more with him than the lives of his friends. He came to Troy, cognize he would die. He came because he cared so much for glory. He chooses glory and an early death rather than the pleasure of a long inglorious life (18.98).Hectors nobility and sense of loyalty demand that he fight. He is a hero of responsibilities he never questions his responsibility to Troy. Hector takes his life at the table service of others. He fights for family and city, but he also fights so that he will not lose the reckon of others. Hector is a warrior not because he loves war, but because he is provoked by his perception of his place in the social structure of Troy and of his obligation to the people.

The criminal history of Richard Ramirez

The distressing history of Richard RamirezCalifornia was terrorized in the mid-1980s by a incidental killer proclaimed the Night Stalker by the media. The over a twelve victims of this killer didnt understand nor question the underlying criminological underpinnings of these acts and his bizarre courtroom outbursts were fodder for a sensationalizing media that is attracted to macabre details. The prosecuting polish officer Deputy District Attorney Phillip Halpin provided a lay assessment of his mental state by commenting on his latest outburst after receiving a sentence of goal, . . . Ramirez is a pathetic human beingness who is grasping at some grammatical construction in his life . . . (Court, 1989, p.1). While albeit Halpin was a skilled prosecutor in maneuvering the legal system and obtaining a satisfactory outcome for the State of California, he certainly is non qualified to make sociological or psychological prognostications.The combination of kindly and airal science makes attempts to inform the interaction between vile and rescript through criminological theories, numbering more than a xii (DeMelo, 2001, p.5). The explanation of vicious acts of torture, rape and murder whitethorn delay explanation but the question of wherefore? persists and some light whitethorn be shed by reviewing the life experiences and their manifestations through criminal operation through one of these theories.Richard Ramirez was born in 1960 in Texas and spent his youth in El Paso (Mayo, 2008, p.281). The childhood of Ramirez was unremarkable but at an early age he began to experiment with drug, mainly marijuana and gingiva sniffing. His fascination with death began at the hands of his cousin a Viet Nam veteran that related tales of raping, torturing and putting to death Vietnamese women during his tour of duty by showing the teenage Ramirez Polaroid photographs of the victims and the sadistic results of his actions (Mayo, 2008, p.281). The tales of his exploi ts in Southeast Asia may have been embellished and the graphical and sadistic acts may or may not have been true, but he did introduce his teenage cousin to truly violent deportment. Ramirez was reported to be only a hardly a(prenominal) feet away from his cousin when he shot and killed his wife, providing a live demonstration of the sadistic and violent conduct he had bragged about (Mayo, 2008, p.281). These anecdotal reports of an early introduction to violent sexual torture cleansing may or may not be entirely factually accurate, however the witnessing of his cousins murderous act atomic number 18 attributed to whetting his appetite for such acts of unconscionable violence and depravity.Ramirez became a loaner and a drifter and moved to Los Angeles where he started to build a criminal record. He committed burglary and auto theft to support his drug employment that had progressed include cocaine as intimately as his use of marijuana and reports of other drugs as well for w hich is similarly was arrested for possession (Mayo, 2008, p.281). It was reported by his sister Rosa Flores that he used harder drugs such as PCP and phencyclidine hydrochloride and suffered epileptic seizures periodically (Satanic, 1985, p.1). Ramirez had an extensive arrest record for these petty plagues but did not exhibit any personal tendencies toward violence.This all changed in May of 1984. A modern Vietnamese-Ameri burn down girl, Mei Leung, was lay out murdered and hanging over a pipe in the basement of her apartment and it was later unflinching that she had been sexually assaulted (Worth, 2009, p.2). She was walking home form school with her brother engaged in an argument as to who would take the elevator and who would take the stairs, Mei elected to take the stairs and was found a half hour later raped and murdered. The umbrageous was described as a thin Caucasian manly with shaggy brown hair parted in the middle wearing a brown strap jacket (Worth, 2009, p.2). This case initially generated publicity but went unsolved.The first murder for which Ramirez was convicted occurred nine months latter. This was the killing of the 79 form old Jennie Vincow found in her Los Angeles apartment with her throat slashed (Worth, 2009, p.2). Ramirez had entered the apartment at iniquity and burglarized the home before raping and killing the elderly occupant. This pattern of entering at night and raping the female occupants and killing the males took on a macabre aspect when Ramirez began leaving behind satanic symbols either scrawled in the victims downslope or carved into the victims bodies (Satanic, 1985, p.1). After several similar violent murderous incidents the unknown at the conviction assailant was dubbed The Night Stalker by the police and fueled the local media frenzy. Ramirez continued on his every night exploits amassing more than thirteen murder victims that he would be eventually convicted of killing and numerous other counts of rape, try murder, aggravated assault, ninety criminal allegations proven in court (Court, 1989, p.1). The city of Los Angeles was truly terrorized by the serial killer and when reports possibly linking the same killer to the Bay Area, the near panic spread statewide.The police were finally able to link Ramirez to the killings through a finger print left at one of the crime scenes matching those form Ramirezs extensive arrest record (Chambers, 1985, p.1). The officials promptly released his photograph as a suspect in the Night Stalker killings and less than twenty four hours later he was cornered by an angry mob in East Los Angeles. Ramirez was arrested before most likely being beaten to death by the crowd of more than one hundred when he either boasted or spontaneously confessed by stating, . . .I did it . . . you know . . you guys got me, the Stalker . . . (Mayo, 2008, p.282). These bizarre and spontaneous outbursts would signify the entire court proceedings and his subsequent encounters wi th authorities, at his initial hearing he shouted, Hail Satan and flashed a pentagram, a satanic symbol, to the gathered media simply prior to his lawyers entering a not guilty plea with the court (Chambers, 1985, p.1). A four year trial followed culminating in Ramirez being convicted of thirteen murders and was sentenced to death in the California gas chamber, who reacted with an inaudible line to the court ending with the exclamation, . . . Lucifer dwells within us all. . . (Court, 1985, p.1). He concluded with the rant,You dont understand. You are not judge to. You are not capable of it. I am beyond your experience. I am beyond beloved and evil. Legions of the night, night breed. Repeat not the errors of the Night Prowler and show no mercy. I pass on be avenged. (Court, 1985, p.1)He concluded his courtroom diatribe by answering reporters queries as to his impressions of his fate by stating that, . . . its no big deal . . . Im going to Disneyland . . . (Court, 1985, p.1). Hi s taunting of victims and their families by his cavalier attitude was further exemplified when a San Francisco tec went to interview him regarding several unsolved Bay Area murders that had been more recently linked to him through deoxyribonucleic acid evidence. San Francisco Police homicide Inspector Frank Falzon was escorting Ramirez to a holding cell when he smiled with his near toothless smiling and chided, Hey Falzon, I bet youd love to know about those two old ladies wouldnt you? (Worth, 2009, p.1). Inspector Falzon later surmised that Ramirez was referring to Christina and bloody shame Caldwell whose mutilated bodies were discovered in their Telegraph Hill apartment in February of 1985.During the course of the trial it was unveil that Ramirez was infatuated with satanic worship and imagery. It was uncovered that his favorite music was from the 1979 AC/DC album route to Hell and fancied himself the Night Prowler from the song of the same name on the album (Mayo, 2008, p.2 82). on that point are reports of attending satanic services in East Los Angeles but these are unsubstantiated (Satanic, 1985, p.1). What can be garnered from the reported facts and evidence presented that Ramirez was highly sociopathic and his propensity for sadistic cruelty, sexual deviation, and murderous tendencies more or less defy explanation. There begins the difficult task of trying to assess the why? and fit this into a germane(predicate) criminological theorem to attempt to explain this abhorrent style.The beginning of the study of psychology followed the advent of modern criminal theory by nearly a century. Regarding criminal port prior to the latter part of the ordinal century the actions of an individual was deemed as the totality where harsh punishment was meted out to deter others from following in the ill-advised ways (Hollin, 2002, p.145). The Classical School of criminological theory originates with the writing of Cesare Beccaria and Jeremy Bentham following the human rights and empty will movements that coincided with the advent of the Declaration of Independence reflecting the contemporary progressive thought of the era (DeMelo, 2001, p.7). The free will approach was supplanted in the later part of the nineteenth century with the Positive School of thought, were Positivists saw behavior determined by biological, psychological and social traits, meaning that certain individuals were fairish born bad (DeMelo, 2001, p.8). This was also reflected in the growing field of experimental psychology that was in its infancy describing all human behavior in much the same manner (Hollin, 2002, p.146). The behaviorist led by Skinner in the thirties felt that human interactions were governed by environmental setting and consequences (Hollin, 2002, p.146). This is similar to the Chicago School that sees the surroundings and social disorganization as the precursors to criminal behavior and as byproducts of an individuals upbringing and social enviro nment (DeMelo, 2001, p.9). This nature versus call forth argument is seen throughout the evolving criminological theories, beholding crime as a manifestation of greater societal ills or socioeconomic inequalities, and modern feminist theory is interjected into the fray. These competing theories often fall short of exactly find out the precise why? for the high degree of violence exhibited by Ramirez.The Positive Theory would expound that Ramirez was just born bad, wired wrong and almost preordained for a life of crime. The cast of drugs in his life may have contributed to this and using the Chicago school with the social ills may be used to explain the bewitch of his cousin to develop a new norm within the mindset of Ramirez. The criminal history of Ramirez is mean by a disjointed leap from petty thief and drug abuser to serial killer. inappropriate the need for a triggering event that sets off the mass killer to embark on a violent disorder leaving scores of dead in their wa ke, the serial murder begin a slow proficiency of amassing victims in a methodical and systematic approach (Dietz, 1986, p.483). This is contrasted with the Sensational Homicide theory where news reports of the killings begin to influence the turn of events, like the Manson Family killings of the late 1960s were the perpetrators achieve a cult hero status (Dietz, 1986, p.489).The promotion of the criminal history of Ramirez would follow the Sensational Homicide theory, but also have elements of the serial killer as well. But where the typical serial killer such as John Wayne Gacy or Ted Bundy kept within the social norms during their non-killing activities, Ramirez remained a social outcast living as a transient on the fringes of hostelry (Dietz, 1986, p.483). Ramirez is believed to have not begun his murderous ways until he first raped, murdered and mutilated Mei Leung in 1984 almost a decade after witnessing his cousins murderous act at the culmination of his tutelage of his yo ung cousin in sexual violence. The criminological theory needs to fit the sudden flip of the slip that begat Ramirezs murderous undertaking with no prior violent incidents.Many of the criminological theories involve isolation from society and the economic benefits, seeing society as stratified between the haves and the have nots driving youths to delinquency and into the criminal justice system. This may be used to explain why a young Hispanic in El Paso with middle class parents may devolve into drug abuse and petty crimes associated with supporting his habit. as yet there is little foundation in the criminological theories that can be used to explain the yaw into the fascination with the occult and basing ones criminal actions on perceived satanic content of rock music. This is abhorrent behavior far beyond the norm that is used to explain most crimes. Ramirez was demonstrable self delusional seeing himself as an outsider aligned with Satan embarking on near religious undertaki ng. Serial killers and mass murderers defy normal explanations, it would be akin to finding a universal theory that could explain the exploits of Hitler or Stalin whose break to power was based upon the systematic extermination of an entire race of people. These are extreme examples of criminal behavior that is a very, very rare occurrence and as in all mass, serial or spree killers can only be viewed as a perfect storm of internal ill will, bemused opportunities by society to deter them from their aspirations, and a progression of murderous behavior that was only stopped through fortunate turns of events that lead to their police apprehension.Richard Ramirez has managed to gain a near mythic reputation from his sadistic murderous activities. He is viewed as a cult anti-hero along with Charles Manson succeeding in gaining notoriety. While no criminological theory reflects the need for attention and fame through criminal activity, perhaps a limited theory could be developed to exp lain these rare instances. Deputy Prosecutor Halpin may have made the correct off the cuff assessment, maybe Ramirez is just a pathetic human being . . . grasping for some structure in his life . . . defying all other explanation.