Addicted The High Cost of Cigarette Smoking - 796 Words

An addiction is the state of being enslaved to a habit, practice, or something that is psychologically or physically habit-forming. There are many forms of addictions but the most common addiction is smoking. According to the American Cancer Society, on average about 45 million Americans currently smoke cigarettes. About twenty three percent are male adults and eighteen percent are female adults. Many smokers do not realize the serious effects of smoking until it is too late. It wasn’t known until the past twenty or thirty years what the harmful effects of smoking were. Many people who smoke started because of peer pressure, the desire to be labeled as â€Å"cool†, or just did not have the resources to understand the risks. Whatever the reason†¦show more content†¦When a person becomes a smoker in their early teens they are at a greater risk of dying prematurely from heart disease, lung cancer, and emphysema. Some other researched effects include accelerated o steoporosis, earlier menopause, and impaired reproductive capacity mostly seen in adults. Women who are pregnant should not smoke due to the fact that it can damage a baby’s brain development and growth. It could also result in a decreased ability to enjoy physical abilities because of the ailment or side effects like breathing problems. It also reduces life expectancy. The smoker may lose 10-15 years of his or her life as a consequence. Even though there are many physical effects, some of the reasons why smoking is so addicting are psychological. Healthy Living believes that this is the main reason people have been unsuccessful at quitting smoking. When people try to quit they go through withdrawal which will go away after a short time or can linger for a long period of time. Once a smoker can conquer the mental, the physical is easy. It has been told that second hand smoke is more dangerous than actually inhaling the tobacco. So those who are constantly around those who smoke are at the same risk of forming illnesses and disease. It has been proven that second hand smoke has 4000 chemical compounds and 200 which are poisonous. Second hand smoke can affect any race, gender, and age. The smoker could possibly be the cause of another person’sShow MoreRelatedCigarette Price Increase1221 Words   |  5 PagesCigarette price increase The article is about the minimum price of cigarettes of RM7 for a pack of 20 cigarettes is not a new measure and has been in place since January 2010. More than half of the minors (53%) said they buy their own cigarettes, while 30% got them from friends in Malaysia, 55% of the adolescent smokers smoke less than 10 sticks per day in Kelantan, 95% of shops sold cigarettes to minors without verifying their age. There are over 80,000 retail outlets selling cigarettes throughoutRead MoreDisadvantages Of Smoking1081 Words   |  5 PagesSmoking, the world’s most common drug addiction, is prevalent in our culture today. â€Å"Smoking kills more people than AIDs, heroin, crack cocaine, alcohol, car accidents, fire, and murder combined† (Smoking: the artificial passion, Krogh). Cigarettes are so popular that they come in many different varieties, from the average Marlboro to the expensive and luxurious Cuban cigars. Plus, with the average cigarette costing a hefty $5.51, smoking is one of the most expensive habits to maintain. Read MoreCigarette Taxation: Fastest Growing Revenue in the United States631 Words   |  3 PagesCigarette taxation is the fastest growing revenue in the United States. The article says that about 1.3 billion people around the world smoke, which is really high. All over America, underage smoking is happening, and the government thinks raising the taxes on cigarettes is a way they can stop this. According to the article, if the government increases cigarette taxes by 50%, it reduces the overall consumption of cigarettes by 20%. This is because a rise of price will mean that people spend lessRead MoreIs the Cigarette Tax Enough To Prevent Smoking? Essay1337 Words   |  6 PagesSmoking cigarettes have negative effects on not only the people who smoke, but also the people around them and the environment. Smoking cigarettes lead to many diseases and negative health effects, such as lung cancer, emphysema, and heart disease. Second hand smoke can lead to the same side effects. However, the dangers of second hand smoke tend to be generally greater than that of first hand smoke, which is what the smoker inhales. Because of all the negative effects of smoking, the sale ofRead MoreA Brief Note On Cigarette Smoking And Public1252 Words   |  6 Pages Cigarette Smoking and Public Cigarette smoking is one of the largest preventable risk factors for morbidity and mortality in developed countries. It is a practice in which a substance, most commonly tobacco or cannabis is burned and the smoke is inhaled. Nowadays many people smoke everywhere at any time, thus they obtain many negative effects on their health. Although, many smokers know the health risks related to smoking but they cannot stop inhaling it. ManyRead MoreTobacco Products Cause And Effects1351 Words   |  6 Pagesproducts, specifically cigarettes, are products that usually cause a slow, painful death. If death is not eventually caused as a direct result of tobacco products, they can still result in various other debilitating illnesses. It is not only health that the use of tobacco products causes to decline, but also the monetary security of the individual indulging in these items. Whether it is money or health, tobacco products cause severe degradation in both categories. Cigarettes and other i tems such asRead MoreHealth Behavior Change Diary Template On Quitting Cigarette Smoking1530 Words   |  7 Pagesquitting cigarette smoking Health behavior I wish to change: Significant number of people has been addicted to the habit of smoking despite of knowing the fact that it is injurious to health. In the past, it was considered as the taboos and only adult group was habituated but currently, it is common among both adolescent and adult population. Cigarette smoking is habit of inhaling smoke of cigarette and releasing it. A study by Gong (2011, pp.48) reveals that the prevalence of cigarette smokingRead MoreInterview : Interview And Observation1348 Words   |  6 Pagesinterview. I picked from close friends and family. The survey questions were: Do you smoke cigarettes? How long have you smoked? How often do you smoke? Do you consider yourself addicted or a social smoker? Would you like to quit? Have you ever tried? If yes, what happened? My first interviewee was a male 40 years of age who admitted to being a smoker of cigarettes since age 16 but didn’t become addicted until age 18. He stated he smokes 15 times a day. He stated he smokes less when at work dueRead MoreImposing Taxes on Cigarrettes May Be Beneficial Essay examples810 Words   |  4 Pages Cigarettes are not like normal goods since they for most of their users are addictions. The demand curve is therefore close to inelastic (See figure 1 and Perucic). This is again because customers are addicted to cigarettes and nicotine and will pay the extra money to continue to smoke them. Furthermore, cigarettes do not have many close substitutes that people can use instead (Perucic). So when the government imposes a tax on cigarettes the producer will be able to pass nearly all of the cost fromRead MoreTobacco Companies And Responsibility Of Tobacco1446 Words   |  6 Pagesresponsible for any smoking related illness or death. The use of tobacco is the leading preventable cause of disability, disease, and death in the U.S. About 1 in every 5 deaths in the United States is tobacco related and an additional 16 million people are currently suffering with a serious illness or disease due to smoking. For every one person who dies from smoking, about 30 others suffer from at least one serious tobacco related ailment. A typical smoker will take 10 â€Å"puffs† on a cigarette over a time

Theme Of Evil In Beowulf - 996 Words

Beowulf versus Evil Heroes can be in our everyday life or someone you’ve seen only once but all of our heroes have something in common. Their heroic traits make up who they are and some character traits my heroes have in common are kindness, courage, intelligence, and empathy. Beowulf is also a hero in my eyes because he possesses all of these traits and more. What traits do your heroes have in common? Robert Nye’s long poem, Beowulf: a New Telling, is a fictional long poem about a hero, Beowulf, who constantly battles the face of evil in many forms. The theme of this text is about good vs. evil which shows up many times, one after another. To start, Beowulf as a young warrior portrayed many traits of a hero such as brave and fearless†¦show more content†¦Bravery is an important character trait for heroes in order to help them defeat other monsters/ evil and this is still the same for Beowulf as he defeats Grendel’s reincarnation. Therefore, when Beowulf was a young warrior, he had many character traits of a hero including being gallant, confident, and bold. Continuing on, Beowulf as an older king has traits different from Beowulf as a young warrior such as cunning and selfless which fuels my reason of why Beowulf is a dynamic character. For example, Beowulf is strategic as he devises a plan involving bees against the Firedrake and so Beowulf releases the Queen Bee just as, â€Å"The Firedrake took a deep breath and swallowed [it] (98-103). During this ordeal, Beowulf cunningly creates a plan to defeat the Firedrake by releasing the Queen Bee into the mouth in which the rest of the bees follow, stinging the Firedrake from the inside. The word clever means â€Å"able to use your intelligence to do something, especially in a slightly dishonest way† (Longman dictionary, 178). Beowulf is dynamic because whilst Beowulf was a young warrior, he would have never thought to attempt this. Beowulf needed this trait as an older king because he would have never been able to finish off the Firedrake if he wasn’t cunning. Additionally, B eowulf is caring as he says, â€Å"The Firedrake will pay for what it has done- not only with its life, but with the gold he keeps watch over†Show MoreRelatedTheme Of Good And Evil In Beowulf882 Words   |  4 PagesIn the epic poem, Beowulf, perhaps the most important theme seen throughout is the portrayal of good and evil, and how this portrayal impacts the story. The epic poem is about an epic hero, Beowulf, who is completely thought of as a good character and a strong warrior. The unknown author of this poem makes Beowulf out to be, ultimately, a glorified killer of the perceived monsters. However, the poem in and of itself is an opinionated story which gives the bare amount of opposition to show that perhapsRead MoreTheme Of Good And Evil In Beowulf859 Words   |  4 PagesBeowulf is an epic Anglo-Saxon poem, which tells a story of a hero who is destined to defeat several monsters in order to save a kingdom from peril. The underlying meaning is good versus evil with go od always prevailing in the end. The theme of good versus evil was portrayed through the characters and events. Beowulf is the good guy fighting against evil. Beowulf is not just one person fighting against the evils of the world. In many cases, he is fighting for humanity’s sake. Beowulf is the epicRead MoreTheme Of Good And Evil In Beowulf997 Words   |  4 PagesBeowulf is an epic poem that was written in Old English in between the 8th and 11th century. King Hrothgar who rules the Danes, is being tormented by this beast called, Grendel. For some time now, Grendel has been attacking Heorot Hall, a mead-hall, and has been killing off many of the Danish soldiers and sometimes even devouring some. The king didn’t seem able to protect the people in his village from this great demon. Until, one day, Beowulf shows up and actually offers to help King Hrothgar byRead MoreTheme Of Good And Evil In Beowulf1040 Words   |  5 PagesWhile the epic poem Beowulf has no specified author or exact translations, the legendary story echoes through time as the fame of this hero continues to expand. Beowulf, the King of the Geats, is the protagonist in this epic; many describe him as the greatest man to have ever lived. Beowulf fits the architype for hero extremely well , possessing all the essential traits; he creates an aura as the ultimate source of good in this entire story. Of course, Beowulf is not alone, there are several otherRead MoreTheme Of Good And Evil In Beowulf1190 Words   |  5 Pagesthere was no evil. The start of evil was marked when a jealous angel, Satan, desired equality to God. He thrust an ever-lasting battle into play when he battled God for supremacy. One-third of all the angels in heaven, including Satan, were thrown from heaven onto Earth. God’s perfect creation became faulted when the fallen angel, Satan, tempted Adam and Eve into eating a forbidden fruit. By partaking of the forbidden fruit, sin was born on Earth. The birthing of such catastrophe--evil--has affectedRead MoreTheme Of Good Vs Evil In Beowulf753 Words   |  4 Pagespoem of Beowulf, the theme is good vs. evil. But in the movie Hollywood made, everything is different. Beowulf is not honest, women are sexually powerful, and the monsters are Hrothg ar and Beowulf’s sons, etc. They added many things that were definitely now in the poem. If you read the poem, then watching the movie you would be confused. You would be asking so many questions. But the current audience thinks good vs. evil is boring. Nobody likes a liar and the Hollywood version of Beowulf makes himRead MoreGood vs. Evil Found in Beowulf807 Words   |  3 PagesGood vs. Evil Found in Beowulf In the story of Beowulf, there are many different themes found. Many people argue the main theme found in this story. This has been argued for a very long time and will go on for many more years to come. Although many themes in this story stick out and a main theme will never be accepted, one main theme is very noticeable in the story of Beowulf. The main theme found in Beowulf is good versus evil. Good versus evil is very easy to recognize. â€Å"Some peopleRead MoreBeowulf: Themes1038 Words   |  5 PagesBeowulf: Themes The Anglo-Saxon epic Beowulf is the most important work of Old English literature, and is well deserved of the distinction. The epic tells the story of a hero, a Scandinavian prince named Beowulf, who rids the Danes of the monster Grendel, a descendent of Cain, and of his exploits fighting Grendel s mother and a Dragon. Throughout the epic, the Anglo-Saxon story teller uses many elements to build a certain depth to the characters. Just a few of the important character elementsRead MorePaganism In Beowulf953 Words   |  4 PagesPaganism in Beowulf Beowulf was composed when England was transitioning from a pagan to a Christian culture. In chapter 3 of A Little History of Literature, it is said that Beowulf was likely written by a Christian monk who inserted Christian themes into the story. This is why Beowulf reflects both Christian and pagan views. These two religions and their elements affect the story in different ways. There are pagan views of fate and fame in Beowulf, but there are also Christian themes of humilityRead MoreGood vs. Evil in Beowulf1456 Words   |  6 PagesGood vs. Evil in Beowulf Beowulf is longest and greatest early Anglo-Saxon poem which was composed in England sometime in the eighth century AD by a literate scop. This poem was created in the oral poetic tradition. This poem is considered as an epic because it is a long narrative poem which composed in an elevated style, dealing with the glories of hero (Tolkien 24). The setting of this epic is the six century in Denmark and southern Sweden. The protagonist, Beowulf is a noble warrior represents

Business Research Report

Question: Prepare a research report of industry characteristics that will affect an organization entering in that industry. Answer: Introduction: To understand industry organization, an individual needs to know about the factors that regulate the economic structure of industrial environment. The characteristics of industrial organization can be determined from the effects that influence the economic and other factors of an industry when a disparate company launches product from their industry (Tedeschi2013). The industry should have growth prospects in order to attract small companies or B2B companies to engage into business deals with them. While many B2B company have their own industry, some of them perceives greater prospect in selling or launching their new product in other industry rather than their own industry (Hutt and Speh 2012). The industry which has higher economic value or possesses greater institutional capital stacked in economic market tends to tempt many prospective B2B companies in indulging in doing business with them. Industries like Microsoft and Google has supplied their ideas to other companies and indus tries as they saw that this will assist them to gain stature in global market. Size of the industry: Mitsubishi group is a cluster of companies that manufactures different automobile parts and engineering equipments. They are the autonomous bodies; associatively form an industry called Mitsubishi heavy industry. The industry hugely supplies machine tools, equipments, engines, automotive components to other industries. They are largely associated with B2B business with aerospace, defense, and ship building and energy industries. The size of the industry is huge as they have 300 companies all over the world. Recently they have been successful in doubling their market sales so that they can maintain their pace with the competitor company such as G. E Corporation and Siemens AG. They supply engineering equipments. It has become the largest manufacturing firm of Japan who both manufactures and supplies machineries. The industry also manufactures ships, automobiles and aircraft. Mostly they are associated with activities that are related to defense. Rovimatica is a Spanish technology company that has invented a new technology in the field of robotics and wants to show case their products and manufactured equipments on an influential company in order to gain fame in market. Mitsubishi has been dealing with Rovimatica for many years as they are online electronic equipment providers and their sale value is lower than other trading companies. The company is involved in manufacturing, building and designing electronic equipments. Mitsubishi is highly influential industry and lately, they have thought of launching a robot that can be placed in hospitals for 24 hours patient surveillance purpose. Rovimatica has their own ecommerce site and they sale their products. They are the B2B Company who has newly designed a robot and wants to sell it to Mitsubishi. Value factors of B2B environment: B2B introduces to the situation where a commercial undertaking takes place between two organizations (Lilien 2016). In this case Mitsubishi has taken up the liability to promote the Spanish robotics company commercially. Mitsubishi in this case will be buying the product which is manufactured equipment. This is a complex transaction that takes place between the buyers and sellers and buyers may extensively negotiate as they are in most cases more powerful than the sellers(Visweswara, Gohad and Rao 2012). Target marketing should also be searched in order to get a clear perspective about the consumers or the target customers. B2B is a very complex and extensive process when it comes to decision making. The company may hire a team in order to make feasible decision whether the product has the potentiality that the company can give it its name. Purchasing personnel is the official decision maker who makes decision about the transaction process. Technical team is hired in case of electronic products that will ensure the product has no technical defaults and contacts the suppliers giving them time to time information about their product(Hirvonen, Laukkanen and Salo 2016). It is the commercial transaction that defines the role of manufacturer and the wholesaler. In a B2B business the client is not a customer rather the business is the client itself. This draws the conclusion that as when a business is serving another business more attentions needs to be given. It is like nurturing a two way relationship. The client should be sincere about his product and should ensure that the buyer is satisfied with his product. Stereotyping is a common problem in B2B business if privacy is not adhered then the ethically it may confront undesirable outcome. Demand of the market is also important in B2B. Key players: Key players in this case are Mitsubishi and the client Spanish company Rovimatica. They are connected to each other because Rovimatica wants to sell their robotics product to Mitsubishi. Now a day, B2B markets solely depend on networking sites (Janita and Miranda 2013). The transaction procedure also takes place via internet. This can be very risky because there is always a chance of receiving faulty products. The cost of sales and purchase becomes low as the cost of transaction is lower. It is a techno product that is being discussed here so extensive confusion about its design and sustainability can bring uncertainty about the launch. It is a new product so the industry in concern here will go through the designs and go through the data to ensure about its sustainability. The article published by Jolibert et al. 2012, broadly discusses about the importance of the purchasing professionals holds a valuable position in business. Key Business consumers: The key business consumer in this case is Mitsubishi. The company is launching the product made by the other company that means the industry is supporting company commercially. The consumer here is not the customer it is the industry which will buy that product for selling purpose. Industry analysis is tool that determines the weakness and strengths of a company who is interested to enter a new industry(Grunig 2013). Mitsubishi saw that Rovimatica is a company that is trying to launch their product for the first time and has a name in the market as successful online trader. The company assessed that Mitsubishi is a big name and a new product launch under their label would mean greater profit. The competitive aspect of an industry is highly useful for measuring the sustainability rate of the industry. Mitsubishi is a big company and their background history foretells the success story about the goals that they have achieved. Undeniably they are the best that a company can get acclamation that is about to get launched. The key industrial characteristics that can be observed are as follows: Historical performance is a significant attribute which is assessed in case of industry. The industries that have strong past history can provide best opportunity for the new product launch. A flourishing industry like Mitsubishi will never face constriction in case of labor. They have enough supply of both technical and non technical labor. The geographical regulation of Mitsubishi is massive. They are famous all around the world. According to Michael Porter the potentiality of profit of an industry depends on five factors threat from the new entrants, rivalry that exists between the other existing competitors, bargaining power of the buyers and the bargaining power of the seller. The company who is trying to launch its new product will always search for economic stability which will not hinder the production process of the product. Due to low economy many potential product suffers rejection at the manufacture level. According to Biegl et al. 2014, cross functionality in case of marketing of robots and secondly the product should be able to diminish the semantic communication barrier between the user and the supplier. In the journal published by Foss and Knudsen 2013, Competency theories that can be implemented on firms are discussed. It is the theory that talks about the perspective of competence that an industry needs to use their capital strategically in order to achieve long term goals. Segmentation approaches: The article published by Kohlbacher and Rabe 2015, extensively discusses about the innovations and the future prospects in the field of Robotics. There are several ways a market can be segmented. The marketer needs to decide about how the segmentation can be done or the suitable strategy that will enhance the profitability of the product. The location of the consumer is important in determining the geographical segmentation of the market of the product. Demographic segmentation detects the age, social class, income class, family, race etc. Demographic variables are utilized in order to get a clear perspective about the preferences that the consumers have. Robots are something that is of high value and they are rarely used for private purpose. The journal published by Lotz et al. 2014, illuminates about the complexity of the technique and possibility of failure that looms on the mechanism of robots. Still robotics are widely accepted. They are mostly used in industrial purpose or mili tary purpose. Recently medicinal field has also shown interest in robotics(Vlter et al.2013). The high profile nursing homes are slowly replacing their facility with bots. That is why the target customers are those people or industries those who can afford such luxury. So the consumers should fulfill the demographic categorical aspects like thriving, expanding, rising and aspiring. Mitsubishi is an affluent industry that has the capacity to survive the demographic challenges and has the power to draw consumer from the expected sectors of community. Future growth potential of the industry: Mingling with high profile industry like Mitsubishi can draw attention towards the new company and its product. Industry is the key tool to develop the competitiveness to defend the other competitors of the market. The launch of a new product means facing several difficulties and obstacles from the market. That is why a company searches for a suitable company that has power and competitive strength to dominate other market competitors. A financially strong industry will be able invest capital for the products that has high market potentiality. An organization or a company will be ultimately gaining from this situation. Their product will be launched safely without any financial barrier(Tan 2013). Marketing and channeling should be done because the social channels are the effective way to spread the news about the new product. Robots are technology based products that is why public demonstration should be arranged. It is not unusual that a technical may not take place. Technical team needs to be hired so that these kind errors are sorted out before it gets public exposure. When the product is being manufactured concept testing and product testing should be done in order to understand how much the product will be popular when it will be launched. The design of a robot should be market appropriate. Its weight and energy saving capacity are the factors that should be kept in mind. Philip Kotler, the theorist has rightly said a product should serve the utility of the consumer. Marketing strategy is all about reaching the desired goal applying a comprehensive plan. The product needs to be the right mix so that it can earn market profit and sustain the market storm(Wu, Zhang and Li 2013). Market research about the product should be made to see the past history about the market. Robotics is a field that has been successful in capturing the attention of audiences. Expertise is needed in order to retain consumer attention. Techno market has to have one quality, the ability to catch the target audiences by surprise so that they get stuck with amazement. An indus try that supports innovations in the field of technology and also acknowledges potentiality in budding companies should be approached for projects that have ample potential(Gooderham et al. 2013). Conclusion: Mitsubishi is a company which has extensive grip on the field of technology. Robotics is a field that needs a systemized plan in order to achieve long term success. Undoubtedly, it is a cost heavy production process. The plan of the product or the product itself should be reliable enough to engage the sight of the consumers. If a company wants promote or launch a new product from other potential industry, it should be kept in mind that a strategic plan should be followed. Marketing is not a constricted discipline it involves a lot of study and involves the whole organization. Communicating about individual vision and strategy helps in developing a plan that is market sustainable. A team should be strong enough to realize the value of the project and act accordingly keeping in mind goals which has to be fulfilled. The field of technology is greatly dependent on cost, time and efficient technical team. An industry should know how to entice consumer attention and make their products wor thy of the market. Reference: Biegl, M., Hasenauer, R., Silberbauer, L., Filo, P., Orgonas, J., Paholkova, B. and Weber, C., 2014, July. Marketing testbeds for high tech innovation: The case of taurob robotics. InManagement of Engineering Technology (PICMET), 2014 Portland International Conference on(pp. 1145-1168). IEEE. Foss, N.J. and Knudsen, C., 2013.Towards a competence theory of the firm. Routledge. Gooderham, P.N., Gooderham, P.N. and Gr_ogaard, B., 2013.International management: theory and practice. Edward Elgar Publishing. Grunig, J.E., 2013.Excellence in public relations and communication management. Routledge. Hirvonen, S., Laukkanen, T. and Salo, J., 2016. Does brand orientation help B2B SMEs in gaining business growth?.Journal of Business Industrial Marketing,31(4). Hutt, M. and Speh, T., 2012.Business marketing management: B2B. Cengage Learning. Janita, M.S. and Miranda, F.J., 2013. The antecedents of client loyalty in business-to-business (B2B) electronic marketplaces.Industrial Marketing Management,42(5), pp.814-823. Jolibert, A., Mhlbacher, H., Flors, L. and Dubois, P.L., 2012.Marketing management: A value-creation process. Palgrave Macmillan. Kohlbacher, F. and Rabe, B., 2015. Leading the way into the future: the development of a (lead) market for care robotics in Japan.International Journal of Technology, Policy and Management,15(1), pp.21-44. Lilien, G.L., 2016. The B2B Knowledge Gap.International Journal of Research in Marketing. Lotz, A., Ingls-Romero, J.F., Stampfer, D., Lutz, M., Vicente-Chicote, C. and Schlegel, C., 2014. Towards a Stepwise Variability Management Process for Complex Systems: A Robotics Perspective.International Journal of Information System Modeling and Design (IJISMD),5(3), pp.55-74. Tan, H., 2013, November. Research and Design on B2B E-Commerce Supply Chain Management System. InApplied Mechanics and Materials(Vol. 380, pp. 4771-4774). Tedeschi, J.T. ed., 2013.Impression management theory and social psychological research. Academic Press. Visweswara, U.M., Gohad, A. and Rao, P.S., 2012, October. Out-of-the-enterprise b2b gateway cloud service for emerging markets. InCloud Computing in Emerging Markets (CCEM), 2012 IEEE International Conference on(pp. 1-6). IEEE. Vlter, M., Stahl, T., Bettin, J., Haase, A. and Helsen, S., 2013.Model-driven software development: technology, engineering, management. John Wiley Sons. Wu, M., Zhang, H. and Li, Y., 2013, May. Data mining pattern valuation in apparel industry E-commerce cloud. InSoftware Engineering and Service Science (ICSESS), 2013 4th IEEE International Conference on(pp. 689-692). IEEE.

Is Food Security Really Just About Food

Question: Write about the Report on "Is Food Security Really Just About Food". Answer: Introduction Venessa Barrington. The green plate: The 10 biggest issues with the global food system. Ecosalon publishers. October 5, 2010. Food security has become a matter of concern is most regions across the world reaching the level of becoming global issue. Food security broardly include the conditions associeted with food supply and access to food. Food security, therefore, is not only about food but also about factors influencing food supply, availability and access. Supply of food on the one hand, sorounds food production. food access include factors that affect transportation and marketing of food commodities. Some factors that affects the food production while other factors affect economics of food leading to improved food security or reduction of food security. The following paper examines food production and supply factors and food acces and nutrition as determinants of food security. Food Production and Supply There are various factors that affect production and supple of food commodities. These factors include geopolitical factors, food production labour, human migration and settlemnt patterns, human activities, global food policies, developmental goals, regionality in production and energy requirement for food production. When examining the issue of food security there is need for considering the geopolitical environment. According to Brown L.,[1] there is connection that exist between food price and geopolitics. Geopolitical factors influences both the food production which and food prices in the international market and local market. Brown, L. examines the effects of the food prices on peoples life citing strategies used by richer nations to solve food crisis. Furthermore, the effect of climatic change on crop production need the solution through crops that use less water. In effort to solve food security issues, richer countries forms secrets farming contracts with the local government to cultivate food and industrial crops that has high prices. Food security is not just about food instead of food security require examination of geopolitical environment that influences food production and marketing. Food security requires examination of labour as factor affecting food production. Quisumbing, A., Brown,L., Feldstein, H., Haddad, L. and Pena, C, interestingly present report that shows women as the key source of labour that influence to the food security. There are evidence that shows minimal labour available to increase food production. Men are rerely involved in production henec the role played by women in food economics is great despite gender inequalities. Gender inequalities and poverty undermines role of women in food production affecting the food security. In addition, women play role in ensuring good family nutrition thus improving food security. Women maintain nutrition among children and when a woman get the adequate education, employment and the empoverment nutrition status of the family also improves. There is also need to adopt use of current technology in food production to improve food security[2]. Food production is influence by human migration and settlemnt patterns. Urbanization is typical example of settlement patthern that influence food consumption and lowers agricultural food production. According to Satterthwaite, D, G McGranahan, and C Tacoli, there is connection between the number of food producers, food consumers and the impact of increasing urbanization trends. The increase in refugues issues is one of the key factor that affect both food production and increaes food consumption. Continous migration on the other lowers food production affecting food security. Rural urban migration increases food requirement and consumption in urban areas, the number of consumers increased with no change in number of producers hence the trend remain the same. Food security therefore includes human migration and settlement patterns[3]. Global food policies are key determinants of food security. Global Food Policy Report is a report on food policy published by IFPRI at the biginning examining food policies in relation to global food issues. The currents food policies present challenges to sustainable food productions systems. The primary purpose of food policies should evaluate performance of food policies in sustainable food production and food availability. There is need to reshape global food systems which is key to tackle food security issues. Food security, therefore, involves the review of food policies toward the good of sustainability[4]. Food security needs consideration of developmental goals set by international communities. The state of global food insecurity published by The Food and Agricultural Organization rewiews the progress developmental goals[5]. FAO through the Sustainable Development shows that to solve the food malnutrition there is the need for sustainable political commitments that reduce hunger thus improving food security. In addition, the report shows that there is the need for good food enabling environments. A study conducted in seven different countries to identify the food security environments shows that different countries have responded differently to goals that influences global food security. Few countries recognizes importance of sustainable development goals thus remaining food insecure through out the year.[6] Food security is about adoption of current technology in food production and distribution. Prahlad, K. (2009) presents the implication of technology in food production as the way of improving food security. There are various technologies that can be used to increaes food production, distribution and marketing. Technologies such as biotechnology, information technology and nanotechnology can be used in crop improvement[7]. The article explores technological resources available that with the view to asses their usefulness in improving food production and subsequently food security. Food security is not about food but about food production technological improvement. Embrace science to address global food security is an article written by Sara Wyant in 2016 to show usefulness of technology and innovation to solve the global security issues. The author cite biotechnology as one of the new technology that needs to be embraced to improve food production as a strategy for food security improvement. The author further indicates that all is not about food security; it is about nutrition improvement and poverty reduction. The author uses literature review approach to examine the research works by different writers on the technology topic. The main purpose of this paper is to highlight the importance and uses of technology in the improvement of food production. The overall article has good technological findings though it only concentrates on biotechnology that is not acceptable by most countries[8]. Regionality of food production is another factor that influences food security. The burden of food importation is globally felt on food prices. Joel, K. and bourne J. (2009) analyzes the burden of food production that causes of food crisis. Studies shows that most of food are produced in different places across the world and when trasnported raises the cost of production[9]. The burden of food production is often felt when there is the increase in food prices. According to the report the food crisis felt globally need the critical examination of food production systems. Food crisis witnessed through burden of food production greatly influence food security. The only challenge is on how to localize food production as many countries still remain underdeveloped. Much effort need to put in local food product in order to resuce importation cost. This strategy can help reduce cost of food production lowering food prices hence improved food security. The food security issue is tied to the energy and energy sources used in food production. Application of bio-fuels in food production is most likely to reduce food prices downwards. Lantz B. and Hertel, T. cites that there is most likely that the food prices will reduce downward with introduction of bio-fuels as the alternative source of energy used in food production. As most of writers show that food prices will continue to increase Lantz B, and Hertel, T. (2016) proves that bio-fuels will reduce oil prices lowering food prices[10]. Human activities such as industrialization, deforestation and overcultivation influences food security. Venessa, B. cites food safety, socio-economic factors, declining natural food production systems and poor agricultural productions as factors that affect food the availability. Industrialization causes environmental pollution that threatens existence of natural resources. Different food productions systems and their effect on natural food systems affect the availability of the food that is consumed by individuals globally[11]. Food producers needs to adopt better agricultural production for increasing food availability and limit environmental pollution as food security strategy. Good agricultural production leads to increase food availability thus improving food security. Climatic change is another key determinant of food security that needs to be examined. Research conducted by Food and Agriculture Organization (2016) show that climatic change is most likely to cause poor agricultural production[12]. The erratic climatic change has the detrimental effect on the soil, forest and ocean causing poor agricultural food production. In event to expand on the effect of climatic change affects communities that largely depend on farming, pastoral and fishing as source of livelihood are most likely to be affected. Those communities that largely depend on natural ways to produce food are the casualties of climatic change. Food security form this point of view requires adoption of irrigation and other controlled agricultural production environments. Access to Food and Food Nutrition To understand food security there is need to understand factors that influence access to food and nutrition. Some of the factors that determine access to food and nutrition are socio-economic factors, consumption trends and drivers, infrastructure, peoples culture and food wastes. Caswell, J, and Yaktine, A. (2013) present socio-econmic factors that influence the choice of food consumed by individuals and households in. socio-economic factors that influence food consumed by individual consist of factors that affect acquiring, preparation and consumption of food. Firstly, the choice of food consumed as a factor affecting food security is determined chiefly by time availability, food preference and resources availability for purchasing food. These factors influence the choice of food consumed resulting in good or poor nutrition. Secondly, social and economic issues also relates to food procurement, preparation and consumption to explaind dynamics of food security. Therefore, the issue of food security indicating that the process of acquiring, preparing and consuming food are important food security aspects. In contrast, the author give no information on food production since food production also affect food consumption[13]. The food security also encompasses food consumption trends and drivers as described by Kearney, J. (2010) shows the key drivers for increase food consumption trends that are seen across the world. The increased agricultural production has increased food availability resulting in increase food consumption. Consumption of food such as cereals, meat, eggs and dairy product has increase globally and is promising to remain the same[14]. There is indication that the increase food consumsion trend has a projection up to the year 2050. The statistical data available on food consumption to trends and drivers shows that food security need careful consideration of ways to increase food production. FAO (2011) affirms the infrastructure as driver of food consumption since infrastructure influence marketing of food that has been produced. Infrastructure facilitate trade leading to access to food in different places. Development of road network is important as it ensures that food commodities are t ransported to places it can be access by individuals. Morover, infrastructure facilitate importation of food commodities from one country to another[15]. Food security revolve around peoples culture and cultural preference. Reseach shows that food consumption culture differs globally. Western cultures has embrace consumption of junk foods while most cultures ecourage consumption of stapple food. Global food crisis has triggered cultural shift towards junk food consumption[16]. The culture shift involve adopting of junk food consumption as a eating culture contrary to staple food. High food prices and high poverty level in developing country have cause people living in this regions to change food their culture. The cultural change is used as the way to improve food security and solve the food crisis though this junk food contain simple ingredients such as sugar, starch and fats. Food security also need consideration of amount of food wasted and environmental consequences. A research published by Ron, N. shows the effect of food wasted in the united states landfills on food security and environment. The research indicates that many tons of food decompose in landfills which is economic social and environmental issue[17]. Though the food mostly is wasted in the United States, the effect is felt globally since the decomposing food produces gasses that eventually cause climatic change. Ron creates awareness to the government, environmentalists and the global community on the effect of wasting food. The prevention of food wasting is key to solving food crisis and improving food security. As various contries strive to maintain or solve food security, some reasonable amount of food is wasted. It is therefore important to consider food wastested. Bibliography Brown, LR. The New Geopolitics of Food. The Food Issue: 57-62, 2011. Caswell, J, and A. Yaktine. Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program: Examining the Evidence to Define Benefit Adequacy. Washington (DC): National Academies Press (US), 2013. Food and Agricultural Organization (FAO). Climate Change Undermine Global Food Security. Jordan news agency (Petra ): Rome, Italy, 2016. Food and Agricultural Organization (FAO). Women Key to Food Security. Rome, Italy: Food and Agricultural Organization of the United Nations, 2011. Food and Agricultural Organization (FAO). The State of Food Insecurity in The World 2014: Sustainable Development. United Nations, 2014. https//www.fao.org/publication/sofi/2014/en/ International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI). 2016 Global Food Policy Report: How We Feed The World Is Unsustainable. Global Agricultural Research Partnership: CGAR, April 22, 2016. https//www.ifpri.org/gfpr/2016 Joel, K. and bourne Jr. The Global Food Crisis: National Geographic Society . June 2009. Kearney, John. Food Consumption Trends and Drivers. Philosophical Transactions About the Royal Society B: 365(1554): 27932807, 2010. Lantz Baldos, and Thomas Herte. Debunking the new normal: Why world food prices are expected to resume their long run downward trend. West Lafayette, USA, March 2016, 1(1): 2738. Prahlad Kasturi. Technology and food security, Humanomics, 25(2): 163-168. Ranford, Virginia USA: Emarald Group Publishing Limited, 2009. Quisumbing, AR, LR Brown, HS Feldstein, L Haddad, and C Pena. 1995.Women: The Key to FoodSecurity. Food Policy Report, Washington DC: The International Food Policy Research Institute. Ron Nixon. Food Waste Becoming Serious Economic And Environmental Issue. New York Times: Washington, February 25, 2015. https//www.mobile.anytime.com/2015/02/26/us/food-waste-is-becoming-economic-and-environmental-issue-report-says.html?_r=0 Satterthwaite, D, G McGranahan, and C Tacoli.. Urbanization and its implications for food and farming. Satterthwaite D, McGranahan G, Tacoli C. Urbanization and itsimplPhilosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences:365(1554):2809-2820, 2010. Sara Wyant. Vilsack: Embrace science to address global food security. Agri-Pulse Communications Inc. Iowa, 2016. https//www.Agri-Pulse.com Vidal John. Global Food Crisis Triggered Cultural Shift Toward Junk Food. New York: The Oxfarm and Institute For Development, 2016.