Business Research Report

Question: Prepare a research report of industry characteristics that will affect an organization entering in that industry. Answer: Introduction: To understand industry organization, an individual needs to know about the factors that regulate the economic structure of industrial environment. The characteristics of industrial organization can be determined from the effects that influence the economic and other factors of an industry when a disparate company launches product from their industry (Tedeschi2013). The industry should have growth prospects in order to attract small companies or B2B companies to engage into business deals with them. While many B2B company have their own industry, some of them perceives greater prospect in selling or launching their new product in other industry rather than their own industry (Hutt and Speh 2012). The industry which has higher economic value or possesses greater institutional capital stacked in economic market tends to tempt many prospective B2B companies in indulging in doing business with them. Industries like Microsoft and Google has supplied their ideas to other companies and indus tries as they saw that this will assist them to gain stature in global market. Size of the industry: Mitsubishi group is a cluster of companies that manufactures different automobile parts and engineering equipments. They are the autonomous bodies; associatively form an industry called Mitsubishi heavy industry. The industry hugely supplies machine tools, equipments, engines, automotive components to other industries. They are largely associated with B2B business with aerospace, defense, and ship building and energy industries. The size of the industry is huge as they have 300 companies all over the world. Recently they have been successful in doubling their market sales so that they can maintain their pace with the competitor company such as G. E Corporation and Siemens AG. They supply engineering equipments. It has become the largest manufacturing firm of Japan who both manufactures and supplies machineries. The industry also manufactures ships, automobiles and aircraft. Mostly they are associated with activities that are related to defense. Rovimatica is a Spanish technology company that has invented a new technology in the field of robotics and wants to show case their products and manufactured equipments on an influential company in order to gain fame in market. Mitsubishi has been dealing with Rovimatica for many years as they are online electronic equipment providers and their sale value is lower than other trading companies. The company is involved in manufacturing, building and designing electronic equipments. Mitsubishi is highly influential industry and lately, they have thought of launching a robot that can be placed in hospitals for 24 hours patient surveillance purpose. Rovimatica has their own ecommerce site and they sale their products. They are the B2B Company who has newly designed a robot and wants to sell it to Mitsubishi. Value factors of B2B environment: B2B introduces to the situation where a commercial undertaking takes place between two organizations (Lilien 2016). In this case Mitsubishi has taken up the liability to promote the Spanish robotics company commercially. Mitsubishi in this case will be buying the product which is manufactured equipment. This is a complex transaction that takes place between the buyers and sellers and buyers may extensively negotiate as they are in most cases more powerful than the sellers(Visweswara, Gohad and Rao 2012). Target marketing should also be searched in order to get a clear perspective about the consumers or the target customers. B2B is a very complex and extensive process when it comes to decision making. The company may hire a team in order to make feasible decision whether the product has the potentiality that the company can give it its name. Purchasing personnel is the official decision maker who makes decision about the transaction process. Technical team is hired in case of electronic products that will ensure the product has no technical defaults and contacts the suppliers giving them time to time information about their product(Hirvonen, Laukkanen and Salo 2016). It is the commercial transaction that defines the role of manufacturer and the wholesaler. In a B2B business the client is not a customer rather the business is the client itself. This draws the conclusion that as when a business is serving another business more attentions needs to be given. It is like nurturing a two way relationship. The client should be sincere about his product and should ensure that the buyer is satisfied with his product. Stereotyping is a common problem in B2B business if privacy is not adhered then the ethically it may confront undesirable outcome. Demand of the market is also important in B2B. Key players: Key players in this case are Mitsubishi and the client Spanish company Rovimatica. They are connected to each other because Rovimatica wants to sell their robotics product to Mitsubishi. Now a day, B2B markets solely depend on networking sites (Janita and Miranda 2013). The transaction procedure also takes place via internet. This can be very risky because there is always a chance of receiving faulty products. The cost of sales and purchase becomes low as the cost of transaction is lower. It is a techno product that is being discussed here so extensive confusion about its design and sustainability can bring uncertainty about the launch. It is a new product so the industry in concern here will go through the designs and go through the data to ensure about its sustainability. The article published by Jolibert et al. 2012, broadly discusses about the importance of the purchasing professionals holds a valuable position in business. Key Business consumers: The key business consumer in this case is Mitsubishi. The company is launching the product made by the other company that means the industry is supporting company commercially. The consumer here is not the customer it is the industry which will buy that product for selling purpose. Industry analysis is tool that determines the weakness and strengths of a company who is interested to enter a new industry(Grunig 2013). Mitsubishi saw that Rovimatica is a company that is trying to launch their product for the first time and has a name in the market as successful online trader. The company assessed that Mitsubishi is a big name and a new product launch under their label would mean greater profit. The competitive aspect of an industry is highly useful for measuring the sustainability rate of the industry. Mitsubishi is a big company and their background history foretells the success story about the goals that they have achieved. Undeniably they are the best that a company can get acclamation that is about to get launched. The key industrial characteristics that can be observed are as follows: Historical performance is a significant attribute which is assessed in case of industry. The industries that have strong past history can provide best opportunity for the new product launch. A flourishing industry like Mitsubishi will never face constriction in case of labor. They have enough supply of both technical and non technical labor. The geographical regulation of Mitsubishi is massive. They are famous all around the world. According to Michael Porter the potentiality of profit of an industry depends on five factors threat from the new entrants, rivalry that exists between the other existing competitors, bargaining power of the buyers and the bargaining power of the seller. The company who is trying to launch its new product will always search for economic stability which will not hinder the production process of the product. Due to low economy many potential product suffers rejection at the manufacture level. According to Biegl et al. 2014, cross functionality in case of marketing of robots and secondly the product should be able to diminish the semantic communication barrier between the user and the supplier. In the journal published by Foss and Knudsen 2013, Competency theories that can be implemented on firms are discussed. It is the theory that talks about the perspective of competence that an industry needs to use their capital strategically in order to achieve long term goals. Segmentation approaches: The article published by Kohlbacher and Rabe 2015, extensively discusses about the innovations and the future prospects in the field of Robotics. There are several ways a market can be segmented. The marketer needs to decide about how the segmentation can be done or the suitable strategy that will enhance the profitability of the product. The location of the consumer is important in determining the geographical segmentation of the market of the product. Demographic segmentation detects the age, social class, income class, family, race etc. Demographic variables are utilized in order to get a clear perspective about the preferences that the consumers have. Robots are something that is of high value and they are rarely used for private purpose. The journal published by Lotz et al. 2014, illuminates about the complexity of the technique and possibility of failure that looms on the mechanism of robots. Still robotics are widely accepted. They are mostly used in industrial purpose or mili tary purpose. Recently medicinal field has also shown interest in robotics(Vlter et al.2013). The high profile nursing homes are slowly replacing their facility with bots. That is why the target customers are those people or industries those who can afford such luxury. So the consumers should fulfill the demographic categorical aspects like thriving, expanding, rising and aspiring. Mitsubishi is an affluent industry that has the capacity to survive the demographic challenges and has the power to draw consumer from the expected sectors of community. Future growth potential of the industry: Mingling with high profile industry like Mitsubishi can draw attention towards the new company and its product. Industry is the key tool to develop the competitiveness to defend the other competitors of the market. The launch of a new product means facing several difficulties and obstacles from the market. That is why a company searches for a suitable company that has power and competitive strength to dominate other market competitors. A financially strong industry will be able invest capital for the products that has high market potentiality. An organization or a company will be ultimately gaining from this situation. Their product will be launched safely without any financial barrier(Tan 2013). Marketing and channeling should be done because the social channels are the effective way to spread the news about the new product. Robots are technology based products that is why public demonstration should be arranged. It is not unusual that a technical may not take place. Technical team needs to be hired so that these kind errors are sorted out before it gets public exposure. When the product is being manufactured concept testing and product testing should be done in order to understand how much the product will be popular when it will be launched. The design of a robot should be market appropriate. Its weight and energy saving capacity are the factors that should be kept in mind. Philip Kotler, the theorist has rightly said a product should serve the utility of the consumer. Marketing strategy is all about reaching the desired goal applying a comprehensive plan. The product needs to be the right mix so that it can earn market profit and sustain the market storm(Wu, Zhang and Li 2013). Market research about the product should be made to see the past history about the market. Robotics is a field that has been successful in capturing the attention of audiences. Expertise is needed in order to retain consumer attention. Techno market has to have one quality, the ability to catch the target audiences by surprise so that they get stuck with amazement. An indus try that supports innovations in the field of technology and also acknowledges potentiality in budding companies should be approached for projects that have ample potential(Gooderham et al. 2013). Conclusion: Mitsubishi is a company which has extensive grip on the field of technology. Robotics is a field that needs a systemized plan in order to achieve long term success. Undoubtedly, it is a cost heavy production process. The plan of the product or the product itself should be reliable enough to engage the sight of the consumers. If a company wants promote or launch a new product from other potential industry, it should be kept in mind that a strategic plan should be followed. Marketing is not a constricted discipline it involves a lot of study and involves the whole organization. Communicating about individual vision and strategy helps in developing a plan that is market sustainable. A team should be strong enough to realize the value of the project and act accordingly keeping in mind goals which has to be fulfilled. The field of technology is greatly dependent on cost, time and efficient technical team. An industry should know how to entice consumer attention and make their products wor thy of the market. Reference: Biegl, M., Hasenauer, R., Silberbauer, L., Filo, P., Orgonas, J., Paholkova, B. and Weber, C., 2014, July. Marketing testbeds for high tech innovation: The case of taurob robotics. InManagement of Engineering Technology (PICMET), 2014 Portland International Conference on(pp. 1145-1168). IEEE. Foss, N.J. and Knudsen, C., 2013.Towards a competence theory of the firm. Routledge. Gooderham, P.N., Gooderham, P.N. and Gr_ogaard, B., 2013.International management: theory and practice. Edward Elgar Publishing. Grunig, J.E., 2013.Excellence in public relations and communication management. Routledge. Hirvonen, S., Laukkanen, T. and Salo, J., 2016. Does brand orientation help B2B SMEs in gaining business growth?.Journal of Business Industrial Marketing,31(4). Hutt, M. and Speh, T., 2012.Business marketing management: B2B. Cengage Learning. Janita, M.S. and Miranda, F.J., 2013. The antecedents of client loyalty in business-to-business (B2B) electronic marketplaces.Industrial Marketing Management,42(5), pp.814-823. Jolibert, A., Mhlbacher, H., Flors, L. and Dubois, P.L., 2012.Marketing management: A value-creation process. Palgrave Macmillan. Kohlbacher, F. and Rabe, B., 2015. Leading the way into the future: the development of a (lead) market for care robotics in Japan.International Journal of Technology, Policy and Management,15(1), pp.21-44. Lilien, G.L., 2016. The B2B Knowledge Gap.International Journal of Research in Marketing. Lotz, A., Ingls-Romero, J.F., Stampfer, D., Lutz, M., Vicente-Chicote, C. and Schlegel, C., 2014. Towards a Stepwise Variability Management Process for Complex Systems: A Robotics Perspective.International Journal of Information System Modeling and Design (IJISMD),5(3), pp.55-74. Tan, H., 2013, November. Research and Design on B2B E-Commerce Supply Chain Management System. InApplied Mechanics and Materials(Vol. 380, pp. 4771-4774). Tedeschi, J.T. ed., 2013.Impression management theory and social psychological research. Academic Press. Visweswara, U.M., Gohad, A. and Rao, P.S., 2012, October. Out-of-the-enterprise b2b gateway cloud service for emerging markets. InCloud Computing in Emerging Markets (CCEM), 2012 IEEE International Conference on(pp. 1-6). IEEE. Vlter, M., Stahl, T., Bettin, J., Haase, A. and Helsen, S., 2013.Model-driven software development: technology, engineering, management. John Wiley Sons. Wu, M., Zhang, H. and Li, Y., 2013, May. Data mining pattern valuation in apparel industry E-commerce cloud. InSoftware Engineering and Service Science (ICSESS), 2013 4th IEEE International Conference on(pp. 689-692). IEEE.

Is Food Security Really Just About Food

Question: Write about the Report on "Is Food Security Really Just About Food". Answer: Introduction Venessa Barrington. The green plate: The 10 biggest issues with the global food system. Ecosalon publishers. October 5, 2010. Food security has become a matter of concern is most regions across the world reaching the level of becoming global issue. Food security broardly include the conditions associeted with food supply and access to food. Food security, therefore, is not only about food but also about factors influencing food supply, availability and access. Supply of food on the one hand, sorounds food production. food access include factors that affect transportation and marketing of food commodities. Some factors that affects the food production while other factors affect economics of food leading to improved food security or reduction of food security. The following paper examines food production and supply factors and food acces and nutrition as determinants of food security. Food Production and Supply There are various factors that affect production and supple of food commodities. These factors include geopolitical factors, food production labour, human migration and settlemnt patterns, human activities, global food policies, developmental goals, regionality in production and energy requirement for food production. When examining the issue of food security there is need for considering the geopolitical environment. According to Brown L.,[1] there is connection that exist between food price and geopolitics. Geopolitical factors influences both the food production which and food prices in the international market and local market. Brown, L. examines the effects of the food prices on peoples life citing strategies used by richer nations to solve food crisis. Furthermore, the effect of climatic change on crop production need the solution through crops that use less water. In effort to solve food security issues, richer countries forms secrets farming contracts with the local government to cultivate food and industrial crops that has high prices. Food security is not just about food instead of food security require examination of geopolitical environment that influences food production and marketing. Food security requires examination of labour as factor affecting food production. Quisumbing, A., Brown,L., Feldstein, H., Haddad, L. and Pena, C, interestingly present report that shows women as the key source of labour that influence to the food security. There are evidence that shows minimal labour available to increase food production. Men are rerely involved in production henec the role played by women in food economics is great despite gender inequalities. Gender inequalities and poverty undermines role of women in food production affecting the food security. In addition, women play role in ensuring good family nutrition thus improving food security. Women maintain nutrition among children and when a woman get the adequate education, employment and the empoverment nutrition status of the family also improves. There is also need to adopt use of current technology in food production to improve food security[2]. Food production is influence by human migration and settlemnt patterns. Urbanization is typical example of settlement patthern that influence food consumption and lowers agricultural food production. According to Satterthwaite, D, G McGranahan, and C Tacoli, there is connection between the number of food producers, food consumers and the impact of increasing urbanization trends. The increase in refugues issues is one of the key factor that affect both food production and increaes food consumption. Continous migration on the other lowers food production affecting food security. Rural urban migration increases food requirement and consumption in urban areas, the number of consumers increased with no change in number of producers hence the trend remain the same. Food security therefore includes human migration and settlement patterns[3]. Global food policies are key determinants of food security. Global Food Policy Report is a report on food policy published by IFPRI at the biginning examining food policies in relation to global food issues. The currents food policies present challenges to sustainable food productions systems. The primary purpose of food policies should evaluate performance of food policies in sustainable food production and food availability. There is need to reshape global food systems which is key to tackle food security issues. Food security, therefore, involves the review of food policies toward the good of sustainability[4]. Food security needs consideration of developmental goals set by international communities. The state of global food insecurity published by The Food and Agricultural Organization rewiews the progress developmental goals[5]. FAO through the Sustainable Development shows that to solve the food malnutrition there is the need for sustainable political commitments that reduce hunger thus improving food security. In addition, the report shows that there is the need for good food enabling environments. A study conducted in seven different countries to identify the food security environments shows that different countries have responded differently to goals that influences global food security. Few countries recognizes importance of sustainable development goals thus remaining food insecure through out the year.[6] Food security is about adoption of current technology in food production and distribution. Prahlad, K. (2009) presents the implication of technology in food production as the way of improving food security. There are various technologies that can be used to increaes food production, distribution and marketing. Technologies such as biotechnology, information technology and nanotechnology can be used in crop improvement[7]. The article explores technological resources available that with the view to asses their usefulness in improving food production and subsequently food security. Food security is not about food but about food production technological improvement. Embrace science to address global food security is an article written by Sara Wyant in 2016 to show usefulness of technology and innovation to solve the global security issues. The author cite biotechnology as one of the new technology that needs to be embraced to improve food production as a strategy for food security improvement. The author further indicates that all is not about food security; it is about nutrition improvement and poverty reduction. The author uses literature review approach to examine the research works by different writers on the technology topic. The main purpose of this paper is to highlight the importance and uses of technology in the improvement of food production. The overall article has good technological findings though it only concentrates on biotechnology that is not acceptable by most countries[8]. Regionality of food production is another factor that influences food security. The burden of food importation is globally felt on food prices. Joel, K. and bourne J. (2009) analyzes the burden of food production that causes of food crisis. Studies shows that most of food are produced in different places across the world and when trasnported raises the cost of production[9]. The burden of food production is often felt when there is the increase in food prices. According to the report the food crisis felt globally need the critical examination of food production systems. Food crisis witnessed through burden of food production greatly influence food security. The only challenge is on how to localize food production as many countries still remain underdeveloped. Much effort need to put in local food product in order to resuce importation cost. This strategy can help reduce cost of food production lowering food prices hence improved food security. The food security issue is tied to the energy and energy sources used in food production. Application of bio-fuels in food production is most likely to reduce food prices downwards. Lantz B. and Hertel, T. cites that there is most likely that the food prices will reduce downward with introduction of bio-fuels as the alternative source of energy used in food production. As most of writers show that food prices will continue to increase Lantz B, and Hertel, T. (2016) proves that bio-fuels will reduce oil prices lowering food prices[10]. Human activities such as industrialization, deforestation and overcultivation influences food security. Venessa, B. cites food safety, socio-economic factors, declining natural food production systems and poor agricultural productions as factors that affect food the availability. Industrialization causes environmental pollution that threatens existence of natural resources. Different food productions systems and their effect on natural food systems affect the availability of the food that is consumed by individuals globally[11]. Food producers needs to adopt better agricultural production for increasing food availability and limit environmental pollution as food security strategy. Good agricultural production leads to increase food availability thus improving food security. Climatic change is another key determinant of food security that needs to be examined. Research conducted by Food and Agriculture Organization (2016) show that climatic change is most likely to cause poor agricultural production[12]. The erratic climatic change has the detrimental effect on the soil, forest and ocean causing poor agricultural food production. In event to expand on the effect of climatic change affects communities that largely depend on farming, pastoral and fishing as source of livelihood are most likely to be affected. Those communities that largely depend on natural ways to produce food are the casualties of climatic change. Food security form this point of view requires adoption of irrigation and other controlled agricultural production environments. Access to Food and Food Nutrition To understand food security there is need to understand factors that influence access to food and nutrition. Some of the factors that determine access to food and nutrition are socio-economic factors, consumption trends and drivers, infrastructure, peoples culture and food wastes. Caswell, J, and Yaktine, A. (2013) present socio-econmic factors that influence the choice of food consumed by individuals and households in. socio-economic factors that influence food consumed by individual consist of factors that affect acquiring, preparation and consumption of food. Firstly, the choice of food consumed as a factor affecting food security is determined chiefly by time availability, food preference and resources availability for purchasing food. These factors influence the choice of food consumed resulting in good or poor nutrition. Secondly, social and economic issues also relates to food procurement, preparation and consumption to explaind dynamics of food security. Therefore, the issue of food security indicating that the process of acquiring, preparing and consuming food are important food security aspects. In contrast, the author give no information on food production since food production also affect food consumption[13]. The food security also encompasses food consumption trends and drivers as described by Kearney, J. (2010) shows the key drivers for increase food consumption trends that are seen across the world. The increased agricultural production has increased food availability resulting in increase food consumption. Consumption of food such as cereals, meat, eggs and dairy product has increase globally and is promising to remain the same[14]. There is indication that the increase food consumsion trend has a projection up to the year 2050. The statistical data available on food consumption to trends and drivers shows that food security need careful consideration of ways to increase food production. FAO (2011) affirms the infrastructure as driver of food consumption since infrastructure influence marketing of food that has been produced. Infrastructure facilitate trade leading to access to food in different places. Development of road network is important as it ensures that food commodities are t ransported to places it can be access by individuals. Morover, infrastructure facilitate importation of food commodities from one country to another[15]. Food security revolve around peoples culture and cultural preference. Reseach shows that food consumption culture differs globally. Western cultures has embrace consumption of junk foods while most cultures ecourage consumption of stapple food. Global food crisis has triggered cultural shift towards junk food consumption[16]. The culture shift involve adopting of junk food consumption as a eating culture contrary to staple food. High food prices and high poverty level in developing country have cause people living in this regions to change food their culture. The cultural change is used as the way to improve food security and solve the food crisis though this junk food contain simple ingredients such as sugar, starch and fats. Food security also need consideration of amount of food wasted and environmental consequences. A research published by Ron, N. shows the effect of food wasted in the united states landfills on food security and environment. The research indicates that many tons of food decompose in landfills which is economic social and environmental issue[17]. Though the food mostly is wasted in the United States, the effect is felt globally since the decomposing food produces gasses that eventually cause climatic change. Ron creates awareness to the government, environmentalists and the global community on the effect of wasting food. The prevention of food wasting is key to solving food crisis and improving food security. As various contries strive to maintain or solve food security, some reasonable amount of food is wasted. It is therefore important to consider food wastested. Bibliography Brown, LR. The New Geopolitics of Food. The Food Issue: 57-62, 2011. Caswell, J, and A. Yaktine. Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program: Examining the Evidence to Define Benefit Adequacy. Washington (DC): National Academies Press (US), 2013. Food and Agricultural Organization (FAO). Climate Change Undermine Global Food Security. Jordan news agency (Petra ): Rome, Italy, 2016. Food and Agricultural Organization (FAO). Women Key to Food Security. Rome, Italy: Food and Agricultural Organization of the United Nations, 2011. Food and Agricultural Organization (FAO). The State of Food Insecurity in The World 2014: Sustainable Development. United Nations, 2014. https//www.fao.org/publication/sofi/2014/en/ International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI). 2016 Global Food Policy Report: How We Feed The World Is Unsustainable. Global Agricultural Research Partnership: CGAR, April 22, 2016. https//www.ifpri.org/gfpr/2016 Joel, K. and bourne Jr. The Global Food Crisis: National Geographic Society . June 2009. Kearney, John. Food Consumption Trends and Drivers. Philosophical Transactions About the Royal Society B: 365(1554): 27932807, 2010. Lantz Baldos, and Thomas Herte. Debunking the new normal: Why world food prices are expected to resume their long run downward trend. West Lafayette, USA, March 2016, 1(1): 2738. Prahlad Kasturi. Technology and food security, Humanomics, 25(2): 163-168. Ranford, Virginia USA: Emarald Group Publishing Limited, 2009. Quisumbing, AR, LR Brown, HS Feldstein, L Haddad, and C Pena. 1995.Women: The Key to FoodSecurity. Food Policy Report, Washington DC: The International Food Policy Research Institute. Ron Nixon. Food Waste Becoming Serious Economic And Environmental Issue. New York Times: Washington, February 25, 2015. https//www.mobile.anytime.com/2015/02/26/us/food-waste-is-becoming-economic-and-environmental-issue-report-says.html?_r=0 Satterthwaite, D, G McGranahan, and C Tacoli.. Urbanization and its implications for food and farming. Satterthwaite D, McGranahan G, Tacoli C. Urbanization and itsimplPhilosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences:365(1554):2809-2820, 2010. Sara Wyant. Vilsack: Embrace science to address global food security. Agri-Pulse Communications Inc. Iowa, 2016. https//www.Agri-Pulse.com Vidal John. Global Food Crisis Triggered Cultural Shift Toward Junk Food. New York: The Oxfarm and Institute For Development, 2016.

5 Types of Conciseness Solutions

5 Types of Conciseness Solutions 5 Types of Conciseness Solutions 5 Types of Conciseness Solutions By Mark Nichol Various syntactical constructions signal the potential for verbal economy. In each example below, one or more words are easily omitted, as shown in the revision that follows the discussion about each sentence. 1. This is another step toward bringing the country’s privacy-protection regime in line with those of other international jurisdictions. In this sentence, nominalization, or transformation of a verb into a noun, results in an unnecessarily complicated syntax and an excessive word count. To reverse this process, convert â€Å"in line† to a form of align and replace the verb bringing with it: â€Å"This is another step toward aligning the country’s privacy-protection regime with those of other international jurisdictions.† 2. This contact would typically be someone who is in charge of managing privacy compliance. Here, the sentence is rendered slightly less wordy by omitting the unnecessary phrase â€Å"who is†: â€Å"This contact would typically be someone in charge of managing privacy compliance.† (â€Å"That is/are† is also often extraneous, as in â€Å"However, it is emerging technology-related challenges that are the foremost challenges for survey respondents,† which can be reduced to â€Å"However, emerging technology-related challenges are the foremost challenges for survey respondents.†) 3. There are a number of technical provisions that apply to providers of electronic communication services. This sentence includes an expletive (that term, in grammatical contexts, refers to the use of the weak phrase structure â€Å"There is/was/are/were† (or one beginning with it, followed by one of the listed verbs). This telltale phrase, and the corresponding that, are easily, productively omitted: â€Å"A number of technical provisions apply to providers of electronic communication services.† 4. The agency is analyzing the different types of alternative data available. Here, the superfluous adjective different (the idea is already implied in types) is omitted: â€Å"The agency is analyzing the types of alternative data available.† (Currently is another almost always extraneous modifier.) 5. Pinpoint which data to monitor for the purpose of helping continuously improve the department’s performance. Delete useless phrases such as â€Å"for the purpose of,† which may appear to strengthen a sentence but only clutter it (and change the phrase â€Å"of helping† to â€Å"to help†): â€Å"Pinpoint which data to monitor to help continuously improve the department’s performance.† (This sentence can also be inverted to â€Å"To help continuously improve the department’s performance, pinpoint which data to monitor.†) Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Style category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:44 Resume Writing TipsWhat’s the Best Way to Refer to a Romantic Partner?

APES Chapter 5 vocab Essay Example

APES Chapter 5 vocab Essay Example APES Chapter 5 vocab Paper APES Chapter 5 vocab Paper interspecific competition occurs when members of two or more species interact to gain access to the same limited resources such as food, light, or space predatation occurs when a member of one species feeds directly on all or part of a member of another species parasitism occurs when one organism feeds on the body of, or the energy used by, another organism, usually by living on or in the host mutualism an interaction that benefits both species by providing each with food, shelter, or some other resourcea commensalism an interaction that benefits one species but has little, if any, effect on the other predator-prey relationship relationships between a predator and its prey coevolution evolution in which two or more species interact and exert selective pressures on each other that can lead each species to undergo adaptations resource partitioning occurs when species competing for similar scarce resources evolve specialized traits that allow them to reduce niche overlap population dynamics a study of how the distribution, numbers, age structure, and density of populations change in response to changes in environmental conditions age structure the proportions of individuals at various ages biotic potential capacity for population growth under ideal conditions intrinsic rate of increase (r) the rate at which the population of a species would grow if it had unlimited resources intrinsic rate of increase (r) the rate at which the population of a species would grow if it had unlimited resources carrying capacity (K) the maximum population of a given species that a particular habitat can sustain indefinitely without being degraded logistic growth involves rapid exponential population growth followed by a steady decrease in population growth until the population size levels off (S-shaped curve) r-related species species that have many, usually small, offspring and give them little or no parental care or protection K-related species tend to reproduce later in life and have a small number of offspring with fairly long life spans. They also tend to mother and protect their young population density the number of individuals in a population found in a particular area or volume ecological succession during which, some species colonize an area and their populations become more numerous, while populations of other species decline and may even disappear primary succession involves the gradual establishment of biotic communities in lifeless areas where there is no soil in a terrestrial ecosystem, or no bottom sediment in an aquatic ecosystem secondary succession in which a series of communities or ecosystems with different species develop in places containing soil or bottom sediment tipping point where any additional stress can cause an ecosystem to change in an abrupt and usually irreversible way that often involves collapse

Financial Modelling Report Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words - 1

Financial Modelling Report - Essay Example Owing to the strong impact that 2008 financial crisis caused in the financial markets especially by exacerbating market volatility; this project will also compare the variable relationships before the crisis and after the crisis with the aim of finding out whether the crisis had caused any significant changes in the stock market dynamics. The analysis will primarily involve generation of line graphs, scatter plots, relationship tables, and use of regression analysis to compare the relationship between various variables. Analysis of regression statistics and scatter plots will be generated by SPSS while charts will be generated by Microsoft excel worksheets. The output generated from SPSS will be synthesized and presented in tables in a manner that is easy to read and understand. The dependent variable will be the return and the independent variables will include size of firm, book-to-market ratio, beta and three geographical regions including America, Asia and Europe. The three variables will be presented as dummy variables to enable multi-regression analysis. Consequently, number 1 will be assigned to the region that the sample has been obtained; and 0 will be assigned to the other regions that the sample has not been obtained. Beta is used in CAPM to measure systematic risk or volatility of a particular security relative to the market as a whole (Zhang, Shu and Brenner, 2010). Therefore, the securities with higher beta have more risk than the market and many investors would not want to invest in them. However, it is widely accepted that the securities that have high return will also have a high risk. As such, from the figure 1 and 2 below, the beta is directly proportional to the stock return, meaning that as the beta increases, the return on stocks will also increase and vice versa. The essence of a higher return in the stocks with a higher beta is to compensate the investors for the higher risk they are

The relationship between advanced technology and Green supply chain Research Paper

The relationship between advanced technology and Green supply chain - Research Paper Example Source: LMI, 2005 In short, it integrates supply chain management with environmental management to achieve positive, sustainable results. This rooted to the acknowledgment on the role of manufacturing and other business processes on their disproportionate environmental impact with the understanding that operations are improved and savings are accrued in the process. Savings may not always mean cut in direct operational costs but environmental in nature through less reliance on raw or new materials that directly impacts on the environment. Objectives and Research Questions In the adoption of green supply chain techniques, many corporations or business entities have resorted to either age-old environmental practices or emerging technologies that facilitate green practices. It is therefore the aim of this paper to Provide the history and background in the development of green supply change Explain the significance of greening the supply chain Point our issues relating to the flow of pro ducts and services within the green supply chain context Explain how green supply chain management as a practice has been changed over time. These will be achieved by answering the research questions: 1. What is the importance of the history of green supply chain? 2. How green supply chain management as a practice has changed over time? 3. What is significance of greening the supply chain? 4. What are the issues relating to the flow of products and services within a Green Supply Chain context? Relevance of the Study The continuing depletion of natural resources, growing population, consumption, and lifestyle demands, negative changes in the environment and many other major problems have alarmed policy-makers, businesses, and even individuals in the last several decades. Current conditions of many of the world’s population and projections of the future are seen as very bleak so that it has become imperative to adopt short and long-term measures to address these issues. Thus, t he birth of eco-related movements such as the green supply chain in the business process. The importance of exploring background and history of the green supply chain lies on the possibilities of fast-tracking ways to improve production and design of consumption products. This study hopes to contribute in that segment. Background Extensive efforts are forwarded by nations and international organizations not only to their governments but also to the business and private sector to step up and address environmental problems. Climate change global warming, environmental degradation, and insurmountable economic and social problems directly linked with the abuse and neglect of the environment have been hounding humanity for several decades now so that the need to integrate acceptable business practices were proposed in order to reduce or decrease negative impacts. These are strengthened by governmental regulatory mandates as well as organisational requirements for acceptable continuance o f business operations in a given community or industry. It has been found that day-to-day practices from population growth to consumption are all connected to the continuing environmental changes which resulted to depletion of natural resources that may soon unable to support the population, increased carbon dioxide releases by each individual that leads to trapping of heat, increased temperatures elsewhere, water shortages, among others as reported by World Bank. Specifically, there are more than 2 billion people without access to clean water and sanitation, or roughly 40%

Environmental Law, Air Pollution Permits Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Environmental Law, Air Pollution Permits - Essay Example Whenever a directive relating to emission principles or other requirements is adopted, it provides for the compliance with standards no later than the specified date (Theodore, 2008). Cap and trade is an ecological policy tool that delivers results with an obligatory cap on emissions while providing flexibility on how they comply. Successful cap and trade programs reward efficiency, innovation and environmental responsibility without infringing on economic growth. Examples of cap and trade programs consist of the acid rain program and the budget training program. This program is also known as emissions trading. These two programs differ in several ways. They include, the cap and trade program involves the purchasing of emission credits while the bubble program entails the controlled emissions with breaking any of the agreements incurs heavy fines. The use of emission trading has enhanced the achievement of environmental goals. Some skeptics have suggested that emissions’ trading has become an avenue for evading environmental requirements, while the bubble program enhances the achievement of environmental goals (Schaltegger, 2010). A stationary source is the basis that discharges more amounts of pollutants other than those defined by the Environmental Agency that protects the environment. This organization is in charge of regulating and monitoring of pollution. New Source Performance Standards define the amount of pollutants allowed by certain sources. A stationary source of air pollution is any fixed emitter of air pollutants. They include power plants, petroleum refineries and petrochemical plants (Reitze, 2005). Mobile source air pollution is any form of air pollution emitted by equipment that can be moved from one location to another. They include motor vehicles, airplanes, locomotives and other engine driven machines. Most of these pollutants contribute to environmental degradation and have a harmful